Natalis Tallepied (Noël Taillepied, ca. 1540-1589)

OFMObs and OFMCap. Theologian, exegete, historian/ethnographer and anti-Calvinist controversialist. Entered the order in the strict Observant friary of Pontoise. Studied theology at Paris in the Observant Grand Couvent, yet probably without taking official degrees (as degrees were not welcomed in the strict Observance of Pontoise, part of the strictly Observant province of Rouen). After his studies, he can still be found at Paris around 1574. He is then confessor of the Poor Clares in the Parisian Ave Maria monastery. Between 1578 and 1585, he is lector of theology at the Pontoise friary. According to his own words, ‘Tous les jours de l’an (exceptez les festes solennelles) on fait leçon de Théologie, Philosophie & Grammaire’ (Recueil des Antiquitez (…) de Pontoise, f. 22v). In addition, he preached, together with other friars of the Pontoise friary in Pontoise and in neighbouring towns, both to instruct Catholic people, and to fight Calvinist groups. In 1586, Taillepied transferred to the Rouen friary, where he was active as a preacher and where he wrote historical works. On 2 October 1587, Taillepied transferred to the Capuchin order, to become preacher in the Capuchin friary at Angers. He died there on 13 November 1589. Taillepied has left a number of works, ranging from historical/ethnographical works on the history of Rouen and the French people, biographical works, theological and important exegetical works, as well as anti-Calvinist pieces.

manuscripts & editions

Brevis resolutio sententiarum sacrae scripturae, ab haereticis modernis in suarum haereseon fulcimentum, perperam adductarum. Ex antiquissimorum noethericorumque patrum munimentis confecta. P.F. Natalem Tallepied Franciscanum Pontizarensem (Paris: Joannis Charron, 1574). Cum Privilegio Regis in 8º 31ff. [Paris, BN A 12775]

Collatio quatuor Doctorum Sanctorum vicelicet Ambrosii, Hieronimi, Augustini et Gregorii, super 30. articulos ab haereticis modernis agitatos, printed in an appendix to the Compendium rerum theologicarum que hodie in controversia agitantur, ad sensum et consensum verae catholicae Ecclesiae: Scripturae sacrae testimoniis ac S. Patrum sententiis confectum,  recens auctum ac locupletatum, Auctore F. Joanne Bunderio, predicatorii ordinis, haeretice pravitatis inquisitore (Paris: Allard Jullianus, 1574).

Brief traicté et déclaration de l’an jubilé et efficace des pardons & indulgences données & octroyées par le souverain Evesque de Rome aux fidelles chrestiens, l’an MDLXXVI par F. Noël Tallepied religieux de l’orde de S. Françoys, du couvent de Ponthoise (Paris: Jean Parant, 1576).

Histoire des vies, meurs actes, doctrine, et mort de quatre principaux hérétiques de nostre temps, à scavoir Martin Luther, André Carlostad, Pierre Martyr & Jean Calvin, jadis ministre de Geneve. Recueillie par F. Noel Talepied C. de Pontoise et M. Hierosme Hermes Bolsec docteur medecin à Lyon (Paris: Jean Parant, 1577).

Le Thresor de l’Eglise catholique contenant l’origine des institutions, statutz, ordonnances, ceremonies & estatz d’icelle (Paris: Jean de Bordeaux, 1578).

La confession de foi, avec une épitre catholique à tous chrétiens (Paris: Jean Ballin, 1579).

Commentarii in Threnos seu Lamentationes Hieremiae prophetae. Nostris temporibus quibus christiana religio miserrime afficitur, accommodatissimi ac omnibus Verbi Divini preconibus utilissimi (Paris: Jean Parant, 1582). Paris, BN, A. 11510. This allegorical commentary on the first two books of Lamentations speaks about the state of the church in his Taillepied’s own time (with its problems with Protestantism). Taillepied mentions and makes use of the Lamentations commentaries of Johannes Ferus and Henri Mauroy.

Oeuvres de philosophie à sçavoir, dialectique phisique et ethique d’Aristote. Réduictz en Epitome par Fr. Noël Taillepied (Paris: Jean Parant, 1583). Paris BN, R. 10810

Histoire de l’estat et republique des druides, eubages, sarronides, bardes, vacies, anciens françois, gouverneurs des païs de la Gaule, depuis le déluge universel, jusques à la venuë de Jesus Christ en ce monde (Paris: Jean Parant, 1585). Paris BN, 8º L2a 29

Recueil des antiquitez et singularitez de la ville de Rouen. Avec un progrez des choses memorables y advenues depuis sa fondation jusques à present (Rouen: Raphael du Petit Val, 1587). Several later editions. In the 20^th century appeared it again as: Les Antiquités et Singularités de la ville de Rouen, ed. A. Tougard (Rouen, 1901).

Recueil des antiquitez et singularitez de la ville de Pontoise (Rouen: George l’Oiselet, 1587). Re-edited by A. François (Pontoise-Paris, 1876).

Psichologie, ou traicté de l’apparition des esprits. A scavoir, des ames séparées, fantosmes, prodiges, et accidents merveileux, qui précèdent quelquefois la mort des grands personnages, ou signifient changements de la chose publique (Paris: Guillaume Bichon, 1588). Several later editions. Taillepied’s work is heavily dependent on the Trois livres des apparitions des esprits by the Protestant publicist Louis Lavater. Yet where Lavater’s work is anti-clerical and very anti-Catholic, Taillepied turns the tables, defending Catholic sacramental practices, intercessory prayers etc.

literature

Pierre Moracchini, ‘Noël Taillepied, Franciscain et controversiste’, in: I Francescani in Europa tra Riforma e Controriforma, Atti del XIII Convegno Internazionale, Assisi, 17-18-19 ottobre 1985 (Assisi-Perugia: Società Internazionale di Studi Francescani-Università degli Studi di Perugia-Centro di Studi Francescani, 1987), 115-163.

With special thanks to Dr. Pierre Kapitaniak

Nathaniel Burger (Nathanael Burger, fl. second half 18th cent.)

Bavarian friar. Missionary in China. A number of his letters can still be found in the archives of the Franciscan province of Bavaria, and of the Congregatio de Propaganda Fidei (Rome).

literature

Schlund, Zeitschrift für Missionswissenschaft 4 (1914), 12-23; Maas, Zeitschrift für Missionswissenschaft 21 (1931), 224-249; A. Van den Wyngaert, ‘Burger’, DHGE X, 1263.

Nicolaus Barsotto (fl. 17th cent.)

OFMCap. Born at Lucca, Italy. Became active in the Bohemian province as a preacher and as a teacher in the order’s school network. His knowledge also extended to the mathematical and astronomical disciplines. Prolific author.

editions

Spirituale Humanae Semper Peregrinae Mortalis Vitae Remigium Habens Portum Suum Immortalem Aeternam Vitam (Vienna: J. Kurner, 1647). This Latin issue was based on a more extensive Italian first version.

Cynosura, seu Maria Stella Polaris Duodecim Diffusa Radiis, Septenisque Sphaerica Planitia Circumplexa Orbibus (Vienna: J. Kurner, 1655/Vienna: J. Kurner, 1657).

Sermones de Sanctis per Annum Occurrentibus (Vienna: J. Kurner, 1667).

Sermones Evangelici de Adventu et Quadragesima (Vienna: J. Kurner, 1667).

Paradisus Interior olim italice a P. Paulo Manassaei editus, cum additione quorumdam opusculorum at aliorum exercitiorum spiritualium (Cologne, ca. 1660 (German original)/Vienna, 1667 (Latin version)). This work saw several editions in German and Latin.

literature

Bernardo di Bologna, Bibliotheca scriptorum ordinis minorum S. Francisci capuccinorum (Venice, 1747), 198-199; Sbaralea, Supplementum (ed. Rome, 1921) II, 268-269; Eduard d’Alençon, Bibliotheca Mariana ordinis capuccinorum (Rome, 1910), 58-59; A. Teetaert, ‘Barsotto’, DHGE VI, 957.

Nicolaus Berthuldi (d. c. 1444)

OMObs. Sienese friar, companion of Bernardine of Siena

manuscripts

Sermones super Epistolas et Evangelia Quadragesimale:Siena?.

literature

Zawart, 323

Nicolaus Bolando (Nicolás de Jesús Belando/Nicolao Bolando/Nicolao de Gesú, 1699-after 1747)

OFMDisc. Friar from Alicante. Took the habit in the San Juan de La Ribera Convent (Valencia) in the San Juan Bautista province on July 4, 1719. Preacher and author. At least one of his works (Historia civil de España) drew the attention of the Inquisition, a feat that was commented upon by Voltaire (Le siècle de Louis XIV, I (Paris, 1744), 19).

editions

Avisa para el mayor peligro en la hora de la muerte (Valencia, 1730).

Vida bien ordenada (Valencia, 1730).

Historia civil de España, sucesos de la guerra y tratados de la paz, desde el ano de 1700 hasta al de 1733, 3 Vols. (Madrid, 1740-1744). This work was condemned by the Inquisition, as as an apologetic Memoria written by Nicolao some time thereafter. A defense of Nicolao’s regalist positions was given in M. de Macanaz, Apologia de la defensa escrita por Fr. N. Bolando a favor de la Historia civil de España prohibida injustamente por la Inquisición. The same author wrote a commentary on Nicolao’s Historia civil, which was included in later editions and can also be found in MS Madrid, Biblioteca Nacional 2768. Nicolao also produced an abbreviated version of the third volume of the Historia civil, entitled Breve Compendio de la Historia civil de España con adiciones (Madrid, 1744).

Manual para sacerdotes (Madrid-Valencia, 1744).

Actos christianos para conseguir la verdadera felicidad (Valencia, 1745).

Historia de la Pasion (Valencia, 1746).

Historia de los milagros de San Pascual Baylon, con un resumen de su vida (Valencia, 1747). 

literature

Index Librorum Prohibitorum, ed. F. Perez del Prado (Madrid, 1747) II, 879-880; V. Ximeno, Escritores del reino de Valencia (Valencia, 1749) II, 296-297; J.A. Llorente, Histoire critique de l’inquisition d’Espagne (Paris, 1818) II, 428-429, 527; J.P. Fuster, Biblioteca de escritores de Valencia (Valencia, 1830) II, 27; >>, ‘Censura de la ‘Historia de España’, escrita por el P. Nicolás de Jesús Belando’, Revista de archivos, bibliotecas y museos 3 (1973), 151; M. Menendez Pelayo, Historia de los heterodoxos españoles (Madrid, 1881) III, 59; M. Rico, Ensayo biobibliografica de escritores de Alicante (Alicante, 1888), 140-141; AIA 4 (1915), 420; H. Diez, ‘Bolando’, DHGE IX, 598-599; Juan Ruiz de Larrínaga, `El P. Fr. Nicolás de Jesús Belando, historiador franciscano descalzo, y sus obras impresas e inéditas', AIA, 8 (1948), 395-405; Manuel de Castro, Bibliografía de las bibliografias franciscanas españolas e hispanoamericanas, Publicaciones de Archivo Ibero-Americano (Madrid: Ed. Cisneros, 1982), 92 (no. 155).

Nicolaus Bonetus (Nicholas Bonet, d. 1343) ‘Doctor pacificus’/‘Doctor Proficuus’/‘Doctor Imaginativus’

Probably a French friar from the Touraine region (cf. MSS. Erfurt, Amplon. 314; Prague, University Library 1569; Venice, Biblioteca Nazionale, 203; Saint-Omer, Bibliothèque communale 237). Probably a disciple of Scotus, which would place his date of birth around 1280. Became master of theology in Paris in 1333. Took part in the visio beatifica discussion, organised by King Philip VI to examine the viewpoints of John XXII (1333). At that time, Nicholas Bonet was already royal chaplain. Took part in the organisation of a diplomatic envoy to the Mongol Khan in Peking in 1338, but could not go himself, as the pope called him to the Curia. Made bishop of Malta by pope Clemens VI (1342). Died a year later (some older bibliographers place his date of death in 1352 or 1360).

Exegete and theologian. Follower of Scotus in general, but not a slavish disciple. He figures prominently in the writings of fifteenth-century Franciscan theologians and also in late medieval Scotist handbooks of theology and philosophy (such as John Foxal, Johann von Köln, Guillaume de Vorrillon, and Pelbart de Témesvar).

manuscripts

Philosophia Naturalis/In Libros Physicorum Aristotelis Commentaria: a.o. Rome, BAV Vat.Lat., 3039 ff. 1r-83r; Paris, BN Lat. 6678 (14th cent.); Padua, Biblioteca Antoniana 504 (15th cent.); Prague, University Library 1569; Venice, Biblioteca Nazionale Marc. 203.

De Formalitatibus/Formalitates in Via Scoti: Rome, BAV Vat.Lat. 4847 (15th cent.) ff. 2r-8v; Cracow, Jagell. Library 2713 (copy of the printed edition). Attributed. Possibly the work of Anthonius Andrea or closely related to a work by Anthonius Andrea.

Praedicamenta de Decem generibus/Commentarium in X Libros Priores Praedicamentorum Aristotelis: a.o. Rome, BAV Vat.Lat. ff. 85r-125v; Erfurt, Bibliotheca Amploniana 314 (14th cent.); Cracow, Jagell. Library CC.VIII.411 (15th cent.); Paris, BN Lat. 6678 (14th cent.); Tarragona, Biblioteca Prov. 111 (15th cent.).

Expositio in metaphysicam Aristotelis/Commentarium in Aristotelis metaphysicam: a.o. Durham, Cathedral Library 139 (15th cent.); Rome, BAV Vat.Lat. 3040 ff. 1r-82r; Rome, BAV Vat.Lat. 3041 ff. 1r-101rb; Rome, Biblioteca Angelica 558 (15th cent.); Venice, Biblioteca Nazionale Marc. 202; Oxford, Bodleian Library Canonic. Misc. 327 (15th cent.); Monte Cassino 336 (15th cent.); Padua, Biblioteca Antoniana 504 (Schaff. XXII); Padua, Biblioteca Universitaria 1567 (15th cent.); Naples, Naz., VIII.F.17 ff.1r-54v; Madrid, Nac. 4232 ff. 9-125v; Toledo, Biblioteca S. Juan del Rey II.21 (15th cent.); Paris, BN Lat. 6678 (14th cent.); Paris, BN Lat. 14716 (15th cent.); Erfurt, Bibliotheca Amploniana 314 (14th cent.); Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek 18788 (15th cent.); Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek 26867 (15th cent.); Saint-Omer, Bibliothèque Comunale 237 (early 16th cent.)

In I-IV Sent.: >>apparently used by Pelbartus de Temesvar. Did it survive?

Tractatus de Conceptione Beatae Virginis Mariae Jussu Clementis V ad Modum Dialogi:>> attributed. Did it survive?

Topica:>>> Not found

Quaestiones de Anima:>> mentioned in MS Prague, University Library 997. Work itself not yet found?

Theologia Naturalis: Cracow, Jagell. Library CC.VIII.411 (15th cent.); Erfurt, Bibliotheca Amploniana 314 (14th cent.); Saint-Omer, Bibliothèque Comunale 237 (early 16th cent.); Venice, Biblioteca Nazionale Marc. 203; Oxford, Merton College 199 (15th cent.)

editions

Postilla in Genesim (Venice, 1504). Can the work still be found? The attribution is not secure.

Expositio in Metaphysicam Aristotelis (Barcelona, 1473 [?], 1483 & 1493/Venice, 1505).

In Libros Physicorum Aristotelis Commentaria seu Philosophia Naturalis Lib. VIII. Edited in the 1505 Venice edition of the Expositio in Metaphysicam Aristotelis.

Commentarium in X Libros Praedicamentorum Aristotelis, Edited in the 1505 Venice edition of the Expositio in Metaphysicam Aristotelis.

Formalitates secundum Viam Doctoris Subtilis Nicolai Boneti (Venice: Bernardus de Choris & Simon de Luero, 1489/Venice: Albertus Rubeus Vercellensis, 1500/Venice, 1516). Cf. Hain n. 12051.

Theologia Naturalis (Venice, 1505).

literature

Wadding, Annales, VII (ed. Quaracchi, 1932), 247-259; Sbaralea, Supplementum II (ed. Rome, 1921), 269-270; Chronica XXIV Generalium, AF 3 (1897), 530; Nicolaus Glassberger, Chronica, AF 2 (1887), 178; Stegmüller RB, IV, 5692; Édouard d’Alençon, ‘Bonet, Nicolas’, DThCat II, 986-987; Martin de Barcelona, ‘Nicolás Bonet (d. 1343), Tourangeau, doctor proficuus, O.M.’, Études franciscaines, 37 (1925), 638-657/Estudios franciscanos, 37 (1926), 99-111/AIA, 25 (1925), 403-4; F. O’Brian, ‘Bonet’, DHGE IX, 849-852 (with additional bibliographical references to early studies); Antonianum 20 (1945), 348ff; Etzkorn, IVF, 13-14; Guido Alliney, ‘‘Tempus naturae’ e ‘tempus mathematicum’ in Nicola Bonet’, in: Revirescunt chartae. Codices documenta textus. Miscellanea in honorem P. Caesaris Cenci OFM, ed. Alvaro Cacciotti & Pacifico Sella, Medioevo, 5, 2 Vols. (Rome: Edizioni Antonianum, 2002) II, 1089-1113.  

Nicolaus Bozon (Bosoun/Boun/Boioun/Bohun, d. 1320)

English friar and priest. Probably from the English North Midlands (counties of Nottingham, Leicester and Derby; York diocese). Probably a member of the Nottingham convent (Oxford custody). Might have studied theology (lectorate program) at Oxford . Active in the English North Midlands and maybe also in France. Prolific and popular author of pastoral works in (Anglo-Norman) French Most famous is his exempla collection, edited as the Contes Moralisés. It consists of 145 little tales. Some of these are outright exempla, others stories with a moral narrative followed by a supporting anecdote. Work makes heavy use of old tales, fabliaux and other popular lore (aside from Bartholomaeus Anglicus’ De Proprietatibus Rerum, which is one of Nicholas’ most important sources) and provided suitable material for preachers. Work stands in long tradition of Franciscan exempla collections. Both in the Contes and separately, Nicholas produced a large number of poems and related versified pieces. He is known for an intricate Gospel poem on the love of God, several poems on the Virgin (a versified supplication prayer, two Ave Maria’s, an Annunciation poem and a Plainte Nostre-Dame), eleven saints´lives (the materials of which are predominantly drawn from the Legenda Aurea), several allegorical works (Debat de l’Yver et de l’Esté [attributed]; Desputeyson du cors et de l’alme), a Passion allegory (two versions), two poems on the sin of pride (Le Char d’Orgueil; La Lettre de l’Empereur Orgueil), a series of poems on moral, behavioral, and educational issues (notably the Plainte d’Amour on the lametable state of Church and State; Proverbes de bon enseignement, Les femmes de la pie (anti-feminist satyre) and De la bounté des femmes (extolling the virtue of women), and the Tretis de denaturesse on ‘un-natural’ behaviour), and nine ‘verse-sermons’ (La parole Deu ke est preché a rai de solail est cumparee; Peynes e joies cy lisez k’en l’autre vie serrunt trovez (warning of sinners about last judgment and descriptions of the infernal feasts of hell and the feasts pf the blessed in heaven); Ke fous funt a seynz moleste ke meynent treche par jour de feste (how wayward behaviour, presented as a carnival dance, leads to hell); Coment nous sumus si contrarious a nostre seygnur k’est sy dous (on man’s perversity and stubborness); Coumparisoun al haust de ceste vie (on the ‘harvest’ of our lives); Une courte ditee de longe folie usee (on foolish chatter) Coment les fole genz se affient trop en testamenz; Vous purveez en ceste vie de soustenaunce en l’autre vie (how to prepare for the coming life); Ke plusours unt aÿe par un homme de bone vie (on humility, the good life, and hypocrisy)).

manuscripts

Contes Moralisés: MS London, Gray's Inn, 12 ff. 17-49v; British Library Additonal 46919 [=Phillips MS 8336. This manuscript, which is a composite, in a great variety of hands, contains a variety of French (the majority), Latin, and English pieces (amounting to a wealth of devotional, allegorical, dicactic and otherwise instructive poetry/narrative). There are indications to think that the various elements were assembled into one volume by a Franciscan friar, maybe William Herebert, Franciscan lector at Oxford, who once possessed the manuscript and who added to it some of his own Latin sermons on Hell, and a number of translations of Latin Hymns).]; >>[in all three Anglo-Norman MSS] A partial Latin translation of the first part can be found in British Library Harley 1288.

Tretis de denaturesse: British Library Additonal 46919 [=Phillips MS 8336];>>

Passion poems: British Library Additonal 46919 [=Phillips MS 8336];>>

Char d’Orgueil: British Library Additonal 46919 [=Phillips MS 8336]; >>[in all 4 MSS]

Desputeyson: British Library Additonal 46919 [=Phillips MS 8336]; >>[in all 4 MSS]

Plainte d’Amour: British Library Additonal 46919 [=Phillips MS 8336];>>[in all seven MSS]

Proverbes de bon enseignement: [in all nine MSS]

Poemata: MS Oxford, Bodl. Bodley 425 (14th cent.); British Library Additonal 46919 [=Phillips MS 8336]; >>

Sermones Versificatae [nine short Anglo-Norman verse sermons]: MS London, British Library Additonal 46919 [=Phillips MS 8336] ff. 80r-85v; British Library Sloane 1611 [sermon number eight]; Lambeth Palace Library 522 [sermon number eight]

editions

Les contes moralisés de Nicole Bozon, frère mineur, ed. L.Toulmin Smith & P. Meyer (Paris, 1889). Work is thematically organized under 145 rubrics itemising particular vices and virtues. Work explicitly produced for the benefit of preachers in need of homiletic materials

Nicholas Bozon: Three Saints’ Lives, ed. M.A. Klenke (New York, 1947).

Seven More Poems by Nicholas Bozon, ed. M.A. Klenke (New York, 1951).

‘An Anglo-Norman Gospel Poem by Nicholas Bozon, ed. M.A. Klenke, in: Studies in Philology 48 (1951), 250-266.

Nine Verse Sermons by Nicholas Bozon, ed. & comm. Brian J. Levy, Medium Aevum Monographs New Series XI ((Oxford, 1981). [One of the verse sermons was translated into English by friar William Herebert. On questions concerning the origin of such ‘verse sermons’ as a genre (which include Hélinant de Froidmont’s Vers de la Mort, and Raoul de Houdenc’s Songe d’Enfer), whether these ‘verse sermons’ were actual sermons held in the pulpit, or had a wider application, etc. see the the introduction of Levy, p. 13ff]

literature

P. Meyer, ‘Notice and extraits du Ms. 8336 de la Bibliothèque de Sir Thomas Phillip, à Cheltenham’, Romania 13 (1884), 497-541; M. Hewlett, ‘A Medieval Popular Preacher’, The Nineteenth Century 28 (1890), 472-473; A.G. Little, Studies in English Franciscan History (Manchester, 1917), 136-139; A. Thomas, ‘Nicole Bozon’, Histoire littéraire de la France 36 (1924), 400-424; M.A. Klenke, ‘Nicholas Bozon’, Speculum 15 (1940), 444-453; M.A. Klenke, ‘Stevenson Priory and a Bozon Manuscript’, Speculum 30 (1955), 218-221; M.D. Legge, Anglo-Norman Literature and Its Background (Oxford, 1963), 229-232; D.L. Jeffrey & B.J. Levy, The Anglo-Norman Lyric (Ottawa, >>>>),>>; Gabriella Parussa, ‘La nature "merveilleuse" des animaux dans la prédication d'un frère franciscain: Nicole Bozon et ses Metaphorae’, Reinardus: Yearbook of the International Reynard Society / Annuaire de la Société internationale renardienne 5 (1992), 143-156; Baudouin van den Abeele, ‘L’exemplum et le monde animal: Le cas des oiseaux chez Nicole Bozon’, Le Moyen Age 94 (1988), 51-72 (esp. 60-64); Yvonne Regis-Cazal, ‘Nicole Bozon, ‘Contes Moralisés’’, in: Les Exempla médiévaux, ed. Berlioz & Polo de Beaulieu, 235-242; Annette Kehnel, ‘The narrative tradition of the medieval Franciscan friars on the British Isles. Introduction to the sources’, Franciscan Studies 63 (2005), 461-530 (500).

Nicolaus Bucholt (Nikolaus Bucholt, fl. late 15th cent.)

German friar. Obtained a doctorate in theology at Erfurt on 13 September 1473. Active as Professor sacrae paginae at the University of Greifswald in the late 1470s or early 1480s. Known to have been custos in the Lübeck custody and present in the Lübeck friary in 1487, 1490, and 1492. According to the studies of O. Schwencke and others, Nikolaus would have been the editor/creator of the so-called Lübeck Bible (Lower German printed Bible from the late 15th century, combining a translation with explanatory glosses, many of which were taken from Nicholas of Lyra's Postilla Literalis). Together with various other Franciscan friars, Nikolaus would have been one of the authors of a series of additional edificatory writings in German that were printed in Lübeck, such as the so-called Lübecker Mohnkopf-Offizin. More recent studies, notably those by Kötter, Nix, Colenbrander and Fromm) have created doubts concerning Nickolaus' involvement with the Lübeck Bible and the Mohnkopf-Offizin, yet without a specific ascription to other authors (although the possibility that the authorship should first and foremost be sought among members of the Modern Devotion, is mentioned by various authors).

literature

O. Schwencke, ‘Ein Kreis spätmittelalterl. Erbauungsschriftsteller in Lübeck’, Neud. Jahrbuch 88 (1965), 20-58; O. Schwencke, Die Glossierung der atl. Bücher der Lübecker Bibel von 1494 (1967); B. Dehrendorf, ‘Die Lehre von der Unbefleckten Empfängnis Mariens als Kriterium für die Einordnung des in Lübeck gedruckten spätmittelalterl. Erbauungsschrifttums’, Neud. Wort 20 (1989), 75-97; T. Sodmann, ‘Die Druckerei mit den drei Mohnköpfen’, in: Franco-Saxonia. Festchrift Jan Goossens (1990), 343-360; R. Kötter, ‘Hans von Ghetelen als Drucker der Mohnkopfoffizin’, Zeitschrift des Vereins für Lübeckische Geschichte und Altertumskunde 71 (1991), 353-367; H. Colenbrander, ‘Steffen Arndes’ neudeutsche Biblie mit vltigher achtinghe - eine ‘Kölnische Bibel’?’, Künstlerische Austausch, ed. T. Gaethgens (1993) II, 139-150; A. Bruns & D. Lohmeier, Die Lübecker Buchdrucker im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert (1994); A. Fromm, ‘Die Kölner und Lübecker Bibel’, Jahrbuch des Oswald-von-Wolkenstein-Gesellschaft 10 (1998), 153-168; Anna Katherina Hahn, ‘Bucholt, Nikolaus OFM’, Die deutsche Literatur des Mittelalters. Verfasserlexikon XI, 301-302.

Nicolaus Buico (Nicolò Buico, 1650-1732)

OFMConv. Scholar.

literature

Enthel Sollazzo, Spinazzola e i suoi uomini. Nicolò Buico (1650-1732), Personalità umana e scientifica (Lavella, 1999) [Cf. Miscellanea Francescana 101 (2001), 411-413]

Nicolaus Caroli (Niklaus Caroli, d. 1483)

OFMObs. Joined the order after he had been a secular cleric. Became a promotor of the regular observance, introducing its reform in Heidelberg (1426), Rufach (1435), Pforzheim (1443) and Basel. Became the first provincial Observant vicar for the German provinces in 1450. He died at Mainz on 3 October 1483. Author?

literature

AF 2 (1887), 284, 310-313; AF 6 (1917), 289; Eubel, Geschichte der oberdeutsche (Strassburger) Minoriten-Provinz (Wurzburg, 1886), 61-63; Minges, Geschichte der Franziskaner in Bayern (Munich, 1896), 44-46, 54, 58; Walter, Das Minoritenkloster zu Katharina in Rufach (Freiburg, 1906); Straganz, ‘Die ältesten Statuten des Klarissenkloster zu Brixen’, Franziskanische Studien (1919), 143-144; A. Van den Wyngaert, ‘Caroli’, DHGE XI, 1107.

N[icolaus?] Chrismann (18th cent.)

Regula Fidei Catholicae see: J. Beumer, Franz. Stud., 46 (1964), 321-334.

Nicolaus Crane

C. Schröder, `Kann der Franziskaner Nikolaus Crane als der Übersetzer der mitteldeutschen Apostelgeschichte des Königsberger Codex 191.A.fol. angesehen werden? (...)' Franz. Stud., 5 (1918), 27-50

Nicolaus de Amersfoort (Nikolaas van Amersfoort, d. 1656)

OFMCap. Author

editions

Chronycke van S. Franciscus, ed. Joan Mommaert (1656).

literature 

Hildebrand van Hooglede, ‘Joan Mommaert’s uitgave van de Chronycke van S. Franciscus (1656)’, in: Idem, Miscellanea II, 1055-1066.

Nicolaus de Aquavilla (d. 1317?)

manuscripts

Sermones de T: Eva Odelman is currently preparing an edition of this collection, which ch was printed in several fifteenth-century editions.

Sermones de Nativitate:?

Sermones Dominicales per Annum: British Museum, Egerton 3086 (122ff, 13th cent.)

literature

Fabricius, V, 103; Wadding, 176;

Monica Hedlund, ‘The Use of Model Sermons ad Vadstena: A Case Study’, in: Constructing the Medieval Sermon, ed. Roger Andersson, Sermo: Studies on Patristic, Medieval, and Reformation Sermons and Preaching, 6 (Turnhout: Brepols, 2007), 117-164;

Eva Odelman, ‘Editing the Sermones moralissimi de tempore’, 165-176. in: Constructing the Medieval Sermon, ed. Roger Andersson, Sermo: Studies on Patristic, Medieval, and Reformation Sermons and Preaching, 6 (Turnhout: Brepols, 2007), 165-176.

Nicolaus de Arimono

manuscripts

Praedicamenti: Naples, Naz. VIII.F.22 ff. 73c-80bd

literature

Nicolaus de Auximo (de Osimo/Hosmo, d. ca. 1453)

OMObs. Entered the order before 1438 in the Ara Coeli convent in Rome. Canonist and preacher, companion and disciple of Bernardine of Siena

manuscripts

Compendium Salutatis (ital.): Naples, Naz. VII.F.34 ff. 40v-44v; XII.F.23 ff. 75r-85v

Dubia Resoluta: Naples, naz. XII.F.24 ff. 109v-110r; XII.G.37 ff. 166v-168r (?)

Interrogatorium (=Interrogationes Necessariae in Confessionibus): Naples, Naz. VII.F.23 ff. 90r-174v

Praecepta Regulae (ital.): Naples, Naz. VI.F.34 ff. 91v-98v; VII.G.66 ff. 187v-196r; XII.F.24 ff. 28a-29c; XII.G.5 ff. 328v-335v; XII.G.37 ff. 79r-84v

Quadriga (Ital.): a.o. Naples XII.F.15 & XII.F.20 (see Cenci, Napoli, II, 1093); Bergamo, Bibl. Com. Angelo Mai MA 497 (an. 1445/6] [CDRom, Omnia Opera Angelo Mai, AM00049,1]; Brussels, Royal Library IV 513; Vienna, Österreich. Nationalbibl. 3290 (an. 1447)

Liber Sermonum:

Supplementum super Magistrutiam Bartholomaei Pisani (written ca. 1444): a.o. Naples XII.A33; VII.F.6; XII.A.26, XII.A.32; Bergamo, Bibl. Com. Angelo Mai MA 238 (15th cent.] [CDRom, Omnia Opera Angelo Mai: AM00058]; Budapest, Magyar Tudományos Akedémia Könyvtára K. 455 (15th cent.) ff. 1ra-187rb; Országos Széchényi Könyvtár Lat. 471 (15th cent.) ff. 1ra-163vb

editions

Quadriga Spirituale (Jesi, 1475) [handbook for pastoral theology]

Supplementum Summae Pisanellae (Venice, 1473 & 1477)

For more information, see the work of Picciafuoco mentioned below.

literature

Fabricius, V, 104; Wadding, Script., 176; Sbaralea, II, 261-268; Schulte, II, 435ff.; J. Dieterle, Zeitschrift f. Kirchengeschichte, 27 (1906), 183-188; AFH, 5 (1912), 308-314; Zawart, 293; A. van Hove, Prolegomena ad Codicem Iuris Canonici (Mechelen, 1945²), 516 ; Umberto Picciafuoco, Fr. Nicolò da Osimo: vita, opera, spiritualità (Monteprandone, 1980); R. Avesani, ‘Cultura e istanze pastorali nella biblioteca di san Giacomo della Marca’, in: San Giacomo della Marca nell’Europa del ’400, ed. S. Bracci (Padua, 1997), 398-399.

Nicolaus de Bitonto (Bittonio, d. ca. 1413)

Umbrian friar

manuscripts

Sermones Quadragesimales:?

literature

Fabricius, V, 105; Wadding, Script., 177; Zawart; M. Sensi, DBI 46, 413-417.

Nicolaus de Byard (Biard, Bajardus, de Brachio etc./ d. 1261)

French friar. Famous preacher and moral theologian. Was one of the most well-renowned and influential Franciscan preachers in Paris, even though he had received no higher theological education. A large number of manuscripts have survived that contain full series of his Sermones de Tempore, his Sermones de Sanctis, and his Sermones de Communi Sanctorum. Besides, many medieval sermon manuscripts contain individual sermons of Nicholas alongside sermons of sermons by other (Franciscan and non-Franciscan) preachers. To some extent, it is difficult to separate some of his sermons from the homiletic production of Petrus de S. Benedicto. Nicholas’ sermons have a popular character and make much use of popular sayings and anecdotes. He is also known for his distinctions collections, namely the Distinctiones seu Conceptus Praedicabiles (which amount to an alphabetical collection of praedicabilia) and his even more popular Summa de Abstinentia seu Dictionnarius Pauperum (also alphabetically organised). His pre-occupation with the production of distinction collections enticed some scholars in the past to think that Nicholas must have been a Dominican, even though several surviving manuscripts attest to his Franciscan provenance. His minorite status has finally been secured by B. Hauréau. Cf. his Notices et extraits de quelques manuscrits latins de la Bibliothèque Nationale II (Paris, 1891), 91 (which refers for instance to MS Paris BN Lat. 12419 f. 120).

manuscripts

Distinctiones sive Conceptus Praedicabiles [relation with the Distinctiones of Maurice of Provins?]: a.o. Naples, Naz., VII.F.14 ff. 1r-200v; Chartres 222 f. 1-233; Paris, BN, Lat. 3529A ff. 150v-155 (13th-14th cent.); Paris BN 12424 (thirteenth cent. Contains alphabetical index on ff. 107-114); Paris BN 13474; Paris BN 14890; Paris BN 16487; Paris BN 16488; Paris BN 16489; Paris BN 18081; Paris, Bibl. Mazarine 1024 (one of the oldest manuscripts, which mentions him as a Franciscan and and contains an alphabetical index on ff. 178-185); Paris Bibl Mazarine 1030; Chartres 222; Laon 150; Oford Bodl. Bodley 563; Avignon 308; Bordeaux 137; Bruges 515; Cambrai 521; Cambridge, Pembroke College C. 238; Oxford Magdalen C. 145; Oxford Merton C. 67. See also Stegmüller, Repertorium Biblicum IV (Madrid, 1954), no. 5693-4; Biblioteca Universitaria di Cagliari (Sardinia - Italy) MS 81 (parchment, XVth century, I+212 ff., mm. 275 x 195. Possibly transcribed by Emiliano Brondat, a Dominican friar from Aragon, who lived in Sardinia. With thanks to Prof. Graziano Fois Cagliari, who sent us this manuscript reference).

Sermones/Collationes de Sanctis et de Tempore: many mss, o.a. Arras, Bibl. Municipale 421 & 534; Avranches, Bibl. de la Ville 133; Basel, Universitätsbibliothek B.IX.9 & B.X.2; Bologna, Bibl. Comunale dell’Archiginnasio A.1183 & A. 1035; Erlangen, Universitätsbibliothek 328; Kopengahen, Royal Library 119b; Laon, Bibl. Communale 297 & 308; Milan, Ambrosiana L.23 sup; Munich, Bib. naz. Clm 9588, 13585 and 16028; Paris BN 3295, 18081, 3283 and 3529A ff. 127v-131 & 155v-159v; Paris BN Lat. 15971 ff. 80va-82va [four sermons in a larger collection compiled by Pierre de Limoges]; Paris BN Lat. 12419 f. 120 [Sermo ‘Ductus est Iesus’. Cf. Collectanea Franciscana 10 (1940), 302-303]; Augsburg, UB, Cod. II.1.2° 80 (ca. 1460) ff. 4ra-164va Stuttgart, Würtenb. Landesbibl. HB I 73>>> A more or less complete listing of the manuscripts (both manuscripts with complete series of Nicholas’ manuscripts and manuscripts with individual sermons), replete with a list of initia is given by Schneyer, AFH 60 (1967), 8ff. Cf. also Schneyer, Horae eruditae 1 (1966), 191-192.

Summa de Abstinentia:(=Dictionarius Pauperum) [abbreviation of the Distinctiones]: Paris, BN Lat. 3509 (14th cent.) & 3510 (14th cent.); Székesfehérvár Püspöki Könyvtár 162 (15th cent.) ff. III 1ra-102rb; Trento, Bibl. Com, 1587 ff. 1ra-131vb (an. 1444); Uppsala, UB, C. 607 (15th cent.) ff. 54-60ra; Frankfurt a.M. Dominikanerkloster 99 ff. 15t-150v; Hamburg, S. Petruskirche Petri 57 ff. 1r-100r (14th cent); Notre Dame, Ind. University Library 15 ff. 1-156; Ghent, Univ. Libr. 952 (16th cent.). See also Stegmüller, Repertorium Biblicum IV n. 5695.

editions

Summa de Abstinentia (Directorium Pauperum/Dictionarius Pauperum) (Paris, 1498; 1500; 1512; 1530; Cologne 1504; 1505; Strassbourg, 1516; 1518) also many mss [this work goes back to the manuscript version, which in itself is an abbreviation of the Distinctiones seu Conceptus Praedicabiles]

literature

Sbaralea, Supplementum II, 270-271; Histoire littéraire de la France 18 (1835), 530-531 & 21 (1847), 164-166; A. Lecoy de la marche, La Chaire française au Moyen Age (Paris, 1886), 134-135; B. Hauréau, Notices et extraits de quelques manuscrits latins de la Bibliothèque Nationale (Paris, 1890-1894) I, 206, II, 84-100, 275-292, III, 114, IV, 67, V, 142, VI, 264-265; Zawart, ‘The History of Franciscan Preaching (…), Franciscan Studies/The Franciscan Educational Conference 9 (Washington, 1927), 356-7; A. Wilmart, `Note sur les plus anciens recueils de distinctions bibliques', Mémorial Lagrange (Paris, 1940), 343ff; A. Teetaert, in: Dict. De Théol. Cath., XI (1931), 589-592; Stegmüller, Repertorium Biblicum, IV, n. 5693-5695; Schneyer, Repertorium der lateinischen Sermones des Mittelalters IV, 228-250; J.-B. Schneyer, ‘Eine Sermonesliste des Nicholas de Byard’, AFH 60 (1967), 3-41; Sacris Erudiri 17 (1966), 188-202; Clément Schmitt, ‘Nicolas de Byard’, DSpir XI, 254-255; G. Hödl, `Nicolaus de Byard', Biogr. Bibliogr. Kirchenlexikon, VI, 692f..

Nicolaus de Calvi (Niccolò da Calvi, fl. 13^th cent.)

Italian friar and bishop

literature

Nicolangelo D’Acunto, ‘La cattedra scomoda. Niccolò da Calvi, frate Minore e vescovo di Assisi (1250-1273)’, in: Il difficile mestiere di vescovo, 189-216.

Nikolaus de Fakenham (later fourteenth cent.)

Provincial minister of England. Doctor of theology. Wrote in 1395 a treatise on the great schism...

manuscripts

Epistola Fraternitatis pro Ioanne Caxton eiusque Muliere Mathilda, data ex Colchester (ca. an. 1395-1402), MS Oxford Bodl. Ashmole, 360

editions

Traktat des Minoritenprovinzials von England Fr. Nikolaus de Fakenham (1395) über das grosse abendländische Schisma, ed. Fr. Bliemetzrieder, AFH, (1908) 577-600; 2 (1909), 79-91

Nicolaus de Faro (Theatinus/Nicolaus Tellius de Fara)

manuscripts

Epistolae: Naples, Naz. V.F.18 ff. 23r-233v [see Chiappini]

Sermo: Naples, Naz. VIII.B.35 f. 24r-29v

Vita de S. Joh. de Capistrano: Aquila Arch. vescovile, manoscritto non numerato

editions

Vita de S. Joh. de Capistrano: AASS Oct. X, 439-483.

literature

A. Chiappini, `Fr. Nicolai de Fara, epistolae duae ad S. Joh. de Capistrano', AFH, 15 (1922), 382-405.

With thanks to dr. István Bejczy

Nicolaus degli Spinelli (d. 1462)

OMConv. Preacher and theologian. A.o. active in Arezzo.

literature

AFH, 11 (1918), 565f;

Nicolaus de Haarlem (Nicolaas van Haarlem)

Cf. F.A.H. van den Hombergh, ‘Nikolaas van Haarlems Widerlegung von Vorwürfen gegen die Observanten’, AFH 73 (1980), 124-172.

Nicolaus de Haqueville (fl. second half 13th century)

Probably a French friar. According to Sbaralea preacher at Lyon and magister theologiae. No further evidence to support his degree status. Schneyer thinks that he was active c. 1317, yet the manuscript evidence places him in the second half of the thirteenth century. He is predominantly known for his many sermons, which survive in a large number of manuscripts in French, English, German, and Italian libraries. Aside from individual sermons, we can distinguish two large scholastic collections: Sermones de Tempore/Sermones Domenicales in Evangelia per Anni Circulum, which also received printed editions, and the Sermones de Sanctis. These collections are clearly model sermon skeletons, without anecdotes. The first sermon of the Sermones de Tempore was borrowed by the compilor of the famous Dormi Secure collection.

manuscripts

Sermones de Sanctis: a.o. Frankfurt a.M. Dominikanerkloster 37 ff. 1r-130v;>>. See Schneyer, Repertorium der lateinischen Sermones des Mittelalters IV, 189-204

Sermones de Tempore/Sermones Domenicales: See Schneyer, Repertorium der lateinischen Sermones des Mittelalters IV, 189-204

editions

Sermones Domenicales in Evangelia per Anni Circulum, ed. Jean Quintin (Paris, c. 1495) [cf. Hain n. 8353]; Sermones Domenicales in Evangelia per Anni Circulum, ed. Jean Vasseur (Paris, c. 1500)

literature

Sbaralea, Supplementum II, 265; B. Hauréau, Notices et Extraits de quelques manuscrits latins de la Bibliothèque Nationale 3-6 (Paris, 1891-1893), passim; B. Hauréau, ‘Nicolas d’Hacqueville’, Histoire littéraire de la France 31 (Paris, 1893), 95-100; J.-B. Schneyer, Repertorium der lateinischen Sermones des Mittelalters IV, 189-204; DSpir XI, 283.

Nicolaus de Kozle (Nikolaus von Kosel, d. ca. 1433 or after 1443)

Bohemian or Polish friar. Might have received his education in Oberglogau or in a neighbouring centre. Apparently entered the order in 1414 [according to notices in the autograph rapiarius MS Breslau (Wroclaw) I.Q. 466], and was made priest in 1415/16. In 1416 he is mentioned as preacher in a Bohemian convent of Poor Clares. Active in Olmütz in 1416 and again in Oberglogau in 1417. Maybe on pilgrimage to Rome and Assisi before 1420. After Eastern 1421 he is sacristian in Jägerndorf. He might have been chosen provincial minister in 1443 [See MS Breslau (Wroclaw) UB IV Q 198, p. 12]. The works of Nicolaus, which all stemm from a period in which the Hussite troubles began, all show a commitment to the established church..

The surviving autograph manuscript of Nicholas, MS Breslau (Wroclaw) I.Q. 466 is a so-called Rapiarius. It started out as a letter copy book, and subsequently was used to collect a load of (Latin, German and Czech) theological texts, songs, hymns, sequences, smaller notices, word lists, church songs, Bible pericopes, and a Hebrew alphabet. Ludwig Denecke remarks: ‘Das Breslauer Autograph des N.v.K enthält überaus vielfältige und großenteils nur hier überlieferte Texte und Aufzeichnungen. Es läßt erkennen, was einem Ordensmann und Prediger wert erschien, festgehalten und wiederverwandt zu werden. Als Verfasser einzelner Texte ist N.v.K. jedoch kaum irgendwo (vielleicht für die Glossen?) mit Sicherheit zu erschließen. Zahlreiche zum Auswendiglernen geeignete Merkverse lassen den Schluß auf Lehrtätigkeit zu.’ VL 2^nd ed. VI, 1090. It would suggest that Nikolaus was not only a preacher, but also might have been active as lector or reading master.

Based on Denecke’s description, we can infer that the manuscript is built up more or less as follows (a fuller description will only be possible with recourse to the manuscript itself):

ff. 1r-3v: Latin copies of letters and general historical/journalistic notices [concerning the battle of Azincourt in 1415, the burning of Hus and three of his companions, the deposition of John XXIII etc.]

ff. 4v-9r: Glosarius de Diversis Vocabulis [with German and some Czech interliniary glosses]

f. 11r: Glosses on words and sentences of the Gospels

f. 11r: Alphabetum Hebraicum

ff. 13v-18v: Quaestiones optime curam animarum concernentes

ff. 20v-21v: Summa Augustini de Penitencia [Peniteas Cito. Cf. John of Garlandia]

ff. 22r-23v: catechetical texts and prayers

ff. 36r-39v: catechetical texts and prayers

f. 39v: extract from Augustine’s De Trinitate

f. 39v: Interpretatio Alphabeti Hebraici

ff. 43v-48r: Glosses on words and sentences of the Gospels

ff. 57v-83v: Scintillarius [rather different from the corresponding pieces of the Librum Scintillarum found in PL 88, 597-718]

ff. 85r-87v: catechetical texts and prayers

ff. 89v-92r: catechetical texts and prayers

ff. 93v-94v: catechetical texts and prayers

ff. 94v and 140v: notices on the religious service

ff. 94v-95v: Legenda Henrici

ff. 97r-136v: Gospel pericopes

ff. 141v-142r: Lime furnace exemplum

Denecke informs us that, spread out through the manuscripts, we also can find wisdom sayings and proverbs, 52 Latin songs, hyms and sequences [all to be found in Klapper, 1937, 82-104], church songs [J. Klapper, Die Schriften Johanns von Neumarkt (1935), IV, 375-399, and the Czech ones by Feifalik, 1862], short pieces from canon law, on school education extracts from the Physiologus and the Regimen Sanitatis Salernitanum, musical notations concerning the liturgy [Klapper, 1937, 56-58].

literature

H. Hoffmann von Fallersleben, ‘Nikolaus von Kosel, ein böhmischer und deutscher Dichter vom jahre 1417’, Monatschrift von und für Schlesien 2 (1829), 738-751; J. Feifalik, ‘Studien zur Geschichte der altböhmischen Literatur’, WSB 36 (1861), 211-246 [with editions of Latin poems]; J. Feifalik, ‘Untersuchungen über altböhmische Vers- und Reimkunst’, WSB 39 (1862), 281-344 [with editions of Czech songs]; J. Klapper, ‘Kirchliches Leben in Oberschlesien vor 500 Jahren. Bruder Nikolaus von Kosel’, Aus Oberschlesiens vergangenheit und Gegenwart 2 (1922), 3-20; J. Klapper, ‘Mal. Wandererzähkungen in Oberschlesien’, Mitteilungen der Schles. Geschichte für Volkskunde 24 (1923), 85-94; J. Klapper, ‘Das Volksgebet im Schlesischen Mittelalter’, Mitteilungen der Schles. Geschichte für Volkskunde 34 (11934), 85-116; J. Klapper, ‘Nicolaus von Kosel (…)’, Mitteilungen der Schles. Geschichte für Volkskunde 36 (1937), 1-106 [with several partial editions of the catechetical texts etc.]; J. Klapper, ‘Die ostmd. Evangelien-Perikopen des Nikolaus von Kosel’, Festschrift H. Vollmer (1941), 249-303; J. Janota, Studien zu Funktion und Typus des deutschen geistlichen Liedes im Mittelalter, MTU 23 (1968); W. Haug, Erzählforschung 2, ed. W. Haubrichs, LiLi Beiheft 6 (1977), 285f; J. Dabrina, Rocsnik Muzeum W Gliwicach, 7-8 (1991-2), 47-72; Ludwig Denecke, ‘Nikolaus von Kosel’, VL 2^nd. ed. VI, 1089-1093; Piotr Bielenin, ‘Twórczosc w jezykach narodowych w poczatkach XV w. zawarta w ‘Diariuszu’ Mikolaja z Kozla’, in: Klasztorne osrodki pismiennictwa, I kultury w krajach slowianskich, ed. Jordanka Georgiewa-Okon & Jan Stradomski (Cracow: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PAT, 2005), 29-35 (On the use of vernacular literary works in the Diary of Nicholas of Kozle).

Nicolaus de Lagonegro (Nicola Molinari da Lagonegro, 1707-1792)

OFMCap. Bishop

literature

Damiano Altieri, La spiritualità sacerdotale nel’700 italiano illustrata attraverso l’analisi di un’opera di p. Nicola Molinari vescovo cappuccino (1707-1792) (Rome, 1997); Vincenzo Criscuolo, Nicola Molinari da Lagonegno, 1707-1792. Predicatore e missionario cappuccino, Vescovo di Scala-Ravello (1778-1783) e di Bovino (1783-1792). Profilo bio-bibliografico e documenti inediti, Bibliotheca Seraphico-Capuccina, 66 (Rome: Istituto Storico dei Cappuccini, 2002). [cf. review in Collectanea Franciscana 72 (2002), 468-471]; Vincenzo Criscuolo, Padre Nicola Molinari da Lagonegro, Vescovo Cappuccino (Lagonegro 10.3.1707 – Bovino 18.1.1792) (Lagonegro: Convento San Francesco, 2005).

Nicolaus Delgado (Nicolás Delgado, d. 1698)

Bishop of Nicaragua between 1688 and his death on November 25, 1698.

manuscripts

Informe al Consejo Supremo de las Indias sobre reducción de Talamanca por misioneros Fray Melchor López y Fray Antonio Margil. Cf. I.F. de Espinosa, El Peregrino Septentrional Atlante (Valencia, 1742), Chapters 13, 14, 17, as well as the work of Eleanor B. Adams mentioned below.

literature

A Bio-Bibliography of Franciscan Authors in Colonial Central America, ed. Eleanor B. Adams (Washington D.C.: Academy of American Franciscan History, 1953), 28.

Nicolaus de Lorenzano (Nicolás de Lorenzano, fl. ca. 1740)

Guardian of the Colegio de Cristo Crucificado.

editions

Relación sobre las misiones del Colegio de Cristo Crucificado (June 1748). This text was published by G. Sánchez, in: Archivo Ibero-Americano 19 (1917), 133-143.

Nicolaus de Lyra (Nicolas de Lyre, ca. 1270/80-1349), doctor planus, doctor utilis

Theologian and important exegete. Born in Lyre (La-Neuve-Lyre, Normandy) in the Évreux diocese. Entered the Franciscan order at Verneuil c. 1300. beforehand might already have been engaged in Hebrew scholarship (there were important centres of Jewish lerning at Évreux). Shortly after his entrance into the order as an adult, he was sent to Paris to follow the theology degree programme. As such this was exceptional for a friar who had not received a lectorate training beforehand. Shows that Nicholas of Lyra must have impressed order leadership for the (Hebrew?) learning acquired before his entrance into the order. Baccalaureus Biblicus 1301-1302 and Baccalaureus Formatus in 1307 (during which year he is one of the bachelors present in the Templar affair on 26 october 1307). Master of theology at Paris in 1308, and regent master between 1308-1309 (possibly until 1310. He succeeded Alexander of Alexandria and was in turn succeeded by James of Ascoli). In 1309, while active as magister regens at Paris, he gave a quodlibetal disputation (published as the Quaestio de Adventu Christi) and on 11 April 1310 he was involved (together with his successor James of Ascoli) with the heresy process of Marguerite Porete. Between Spring 1319 and 1324 he was provincial minister of the Francia province. In this capacity, he witnessed the veil-taking ceremony for Blanche, the daughter of King Philip the Fair, in 1319. In may 1322, he signed as provincial minister with 40 other Franciscan theologians at the general chapter of Perugia a series of documents challenging pope John XXII’s bull Quia Nonnumquam. At the age of ca. 52, on 11 April 1322 or 1323, he began the compilation of his large Postilla litteralis, a work based on his cursory biblical lectures as baccalaureus biblicus but now greatly expanded. (By 1326 he had reached the Psalms, and his commentary on Isaiah was finished in 1327. In the years thereafter he revised and completed his literal commentary on the other books, until he completed the complete work by 1331). In the mean time, his administrative duties continued. Hence, in 1324 or 1325 he became provincial minister of Burgundy. In that position, he apparently distanced himself sufficiently from the party of Michael of Cesena to be able to participate in the general chapter of 1329 which elected Guiral/Guriol Ot as the new minister general. In 1330, Nicholas asked his order to be allowed to return to Paris, to finish his biblical works, notably the compilation of a moral commentary on the Bible. Yet initially, this permission was not given. Instead, he was asked by Ot to assist in the creation of a college for Burgundian students at the University of Paris, an outflow of testament of the Duchess of Burgundy. Nicholas wrote the constitutions for this college and helped to bring it into being. On 19 December 1333, Nicholas participated in the theological debates organised at the request of Philip VI to condemn pope John XXII’s positions regarding the beatific vision (A disputation with 28 other theologians). Yet from 1333 onwards, Nicholas was granted the time to work on his exegetical endeavours at the Grand Couvent de Cordeliers at Paris. He finished his moral postills in 1339. He died ca. ten years later in the Grand Couvent (possibly in October 1349).

Nicolas, who was remarkable for his relatively good knowledge of Hebrew, (which he might have acquired at a jewish school at Evreux. Cf. also AFH 60 (1967), 52) is predominantly renowned for his exegetical works. Among his most important works are reckoned his gigantic and ubiquitous Postilla litteralis super totam Bibliam (compiled between 1322 and 1331, which shows the influence of rabby Schelomo Içaki, or Rashi (d. 1105)), and the Postilla moralis seu mystica (1339). The first work was meant for the use of theologians in the schools and the universities. The second book was meant to be a concise and practical handbook for lectors and preachers, providing short typological and allegorical notes on those passages of Scripture that lend themselves for moral interpretation. Both the Postilla Litteralis and the Postilla Moralis have survived (partially and complete, often in combination with the Glossa Ordinaria) in many manuscripts and editions, as these Postilla became more or less the standard biblical textbook in higher theological education during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries throughout Europe. Very interesting is Nicholas’ Apocalypse commentary, which is historising without becoming Joachimist (combining the insights of traditional Apocalypse exegesis with the interpretations of Alexander Minorita and Peter Aureol).

manuscripts

In I-IV Sent.>> Only fragments survive>> Cf. Langlois, 368

Sermones de T. (Postilla super Evangelica Domenicalia; Super Quadragesimalia; Super Quatuor Evangelia): Augsburg, UB, Cod II.1.2° 19, ff. 1ra-175va see Stegmüller & Schneyer

Quaestio de Adventu Christi/Probatio Adventus Christi contra Iudaeos: Vat.Lat. 4272, ff. 167-184; Washington D.C. Holy Name College no. 29;

Postilla super Libros Veteris Testamenti: Bologna Coll. Hispan. S. Clemente 30 (a. 1475); Madrid, Nac., 259, 260, 261, 262, 263; Münster, Universitätsbibliothek 5 ff. 98r-339r; Oxford, Bodl. Bodley 251; Vienna, Österr. Nationalbibl. 1431 (an. 1331) & 2158 (an. 1326) & 4863 (=In Iob); & 1386 & 1393 & 1394 & 1410 & 1462 & 1518 & 4192; Oxford, Bodl. Canon Bibl. Lat. 70; Oxford, Laud, Misc. 152 & 154; Besançon, Bibl. Munic. 31 (ca. 1461-3); Reims, Bibl. Munic. 171-172 & 174-177 [=OT & NT]; Troyes, Bibl. Munic. 152 (an. 1350); Toulouse, Bibl. Munic. 26 (an. 1348) [=OT & NT]; Colmar, Bibl. Publ. 139 (15th cent.) & 140; Sydney, Univ. Lobrary, Nicholson 17; Reims, Bibl. Munic. 173 (an. 1392-5); Prague, National Museum XIII B 1; Prague, National Museum XV B 8 (no. 3553) [Super libros regum et alios]; Rome BAV Lat. 110 [‘Scaliger’ manuscript. Cf. Miscellanea Bibliothecae Apostolicae Vaticanae V, ed. W. Berschin, Studi e Testi 365 (Vatican City, 1997), 53-60]

Postilla super Libros Novi Testamenti: Bologna Coll. Hispan. S. Clemente 31 (saec. XIV-XV): Sydney, Univ. Library, Nicholson, 1; Vienna, Österr. Landesbibl. 1477; Colmar, Bibl. Publ. 141; Avignon, Bibl. Munic. 84-85; Prague, National Museum, XII A 17 (3 A 10); Prague, National Museum XIV C 8 (2 D 11, cat. no. 3447)

Postilla super Matth.: Hamburg S. Petrus Jacobi 2 ff. 234v-235v (15th cent.); London, Dr. William's Library Anc. 3 ff. 146-151v (15th cent. fragment)

Postilla super Evangelia: Heverlee-lez-Louvain, Abbaye de Parc 19 (an. 1437-1438); Oxford, Bodl. Hamilton, 16; Sélestat Bibl. Municip. 70 (an. 1434. January 2); London, Dr. William's Library Anc. 4 (15th cent.)

Super decem Praecepta: Colmar, Public Library 7 ff. 103-132

Probatio Adventus Christi: Paris, BN, Lat. 3359 ff. 1-9 (a. 1462): Basel, UB A.V. 13 ff. 346v-361; Kraków, Jagell. 1483 ff. 176v-189v; Vat.Lat. 4272 ff. 167r-184r

Responsio ad Quendam Judaeum: Paris, BN, Lat. 3359 ff. 9-17v; Vat.Lat. 4272 ff. 143-163v

Tractatus de Visione Divinae Essentiae: Paris, BN, Lat. 3359 ff. 17v-24v [on the beatific vision. For mofe MSS see the introduction of Woodward’s edition]

Tractatus de Differentia Litterae Hebr. et Nostrae Translationis: Paris, BN, Lat. 3359 ff. 25v-53v; Vienna, Österr. Landesbibl. 1478 [a concise handbook version of his Postilla Literalis]

Postilla super Epistolis Pauli: Kraków, Jagell. 1483 (ca. 1435) ff. 1-176; Vesoul, Bibl. Munic. 10 (an. 1453)

Postilla super Epistolam ad Hebraeos: Namur, Musée Archeol. 32 (an. 1383)

Postilla super Evangelia Joh. et Marcum: Augsburg, UB, Cod II.1.2° 7, ff. 1-124 [1-84: Joh]; 86-124: Marc.]

Postilla super Psalterium: Augsburg, UB, Cod II.1.2° 26, ff. 139va-142va; Hamburg, S. Petruskirche Jacobi 11; Brussels, Royal Librry 371 (ca. 1430) [Prologus]; Colmar Bibl. Publique 127; Clermont Ferrant Bubl. Municp. 31 (an. 1427) many more mss. The Psalm commentary of Nicholas is the most popular of his biblical commentaries, with at least 700 mss until 1450.

Psalterium Hebraicum cum Praefatione Nic.de Lyra: Avignon, Bibl. Municip. 55

Postilla super Proverbias: Hamburg S. Petruskirhe Jacobi 15 ff. 1r-48v (15th cent.)

Moralitates super Primam Partem Veteris Testamenti: Vienna, Österr. Nationalbibl. 1498 (an. 1383, Januari, 2)

Moralitates in Iesaiam: Vienna, Österr. Nationalbibl. 13823 (an. 1382); Luzern, Zentralbibl.KB 42

Postilla super Libros Salomonis et Libros qui non Sunt de Canone: Prague, National Museum XIV B 16 (3434)

Breves Moralitates in IV Evangelia: Hamburg, S. Petruskirche Petri 26 ff. 84r-151r

Expositio Mystica Veteris et Novi Testamenti: Vienna, Österr. Nationalbibl. 3666 (an. 1446, March 30) & 4535 (an. 1402, May 23)

Responsio ad Quendam Iudaeum: Brussels, Royal Library 2590-2602 (an. 1436)

Reprobatio Tractatus cuiusdam Iudei: Frankfurt a.M. Dominikanerkloster 70 (15th cent.) ff. 240r-253v

Expositio super Lectiones Vigiliae Mortuorum: Colmar, Bibl. Munic. 205 ff. 1-4 (an. 1477)

Dicta de Quatuordecim Conditionibus ad Digne Eucharistiam Sumendam: Colmar, Bibl. Publ. 251 ff. 245-249 (an. 1438)

Quaestio de Usu paupere. See: F. Pelster, ‘Nikolaus de Lyra und seine ‘Quaestio de usu paupere’, AFH 46 (1953), 211-250.

Oratio Devota seu Contemplatio ad Honorem S. Francisci>>

Sermones [259 sermons]. See Schneyer, Repertorium IV 338-357.

>> to be continued

For German and Medieval Dutch translations of Nicholas of Lyra’s works, see VL² VI, 1117-1122.

editions

Postilla Litteralis, 5 Vols (Rome, 1471-1472); Biblia cum Glosa ordinaria et Nicolai de Lyra Postilla, 6 Vols (Basel, 1506-1508) [and many other editions]

Biblia sacra cum glossis, interlineari et ordinaria, Nicolai Lyrani Postilla et moralitatibus, Burgensis Additionibus, et Thoringi Replicis, 6 Vols (Lyon, 1545); Biblia Sacra cum Glossa Ordinaria et Postilla Litteralis Nicolai de Lyra (Antwerpen, 1717) [and several other editions]. It is not uncommon to find in early editions Nicholas or Lyra’s Postilla Litteralis and his Postilla Moralis together with a copy of the biblical text, the Glossa ordinaria, the Additiones ad Postillas Nicolai Lyrani by Paul of Burgos (d. 1435: a converted Jew and corrector of Lyra), and the Defensarium Nicolai Lyrani seu Replicationes contra Paulum Burgensem by the Franciscan friar Matthias Doering.

Quodlibeta & Quaestiones des Nikolaus von Lyra, ed. F. Pelster, in: Mélanges J. de Ghellinck (Gembloux, 1951), II, 951-973

Expositio Orationis Dominicae sive Pater Noster (Mainz, 1495)

Quaestio de Usu Paupere, ed. Franz Pelster, AFH, 46 (1953), 211-250.

Tabula Concordantium Evangeliorum (written ca. 1329) (ed:???)

Probatio Incarnationis Christi, Red. I (written ca. 1309/10) (ed.:???)

Probatio Incarnationis Christi, Red. II (written ca. 1331-4) (ed.:???)

Responsio ad Quendam Judaeum (written ca 1334) (ed.:???)

De Differentia Translationis Nostrae et Hebraica Littera Veteris Testamentum (=Tractatus Discrepantium) (written in 1333) (ed.:???)

De Visione Divinae Essentiae, ed. Michael Woodward, in Franciscan Studies 63 (2005), 325-407 (text on pp. 331-407).

(Pseudo?)Nicholas de Lyra, Compendium de Vita Antechristi, in: Henricus de Friemar, Preceptorium super decem Preceptis (Zwolle: Petrus van Os van Breda, 1492-1500)

See also: Repertorium Nicolai de Lyra super Bibliam (Memmingen, 1492; Sevilla, 1492; Nurenberg, 1494) [=a homiletic dictionary in alphabetical order, presenting extracts from the Postilla Litteralis for preaching purposes. This work also influenced later dictionaries, such that of William Norton OFM. Some other extracts from the Postilla Litteralis are to be found in MS Oxford New College 14015 and in MS Paris, Mazarine, 49-50]

More and more adequate info on editions in Gosselin's article

modern translations (sometimes with new editions)

Nicholas of Lyra's Apocalypse Commentary, transl. Ph. Krey (Kalamazoo, 1997) [See on medieval translations of Nicholas's works: E. Valli, `Das Verhältnis des Claus Cranc [fl. 1350] zu Nicholas v. Lyra', Neuphilologische Mitteilungen, 53 (Helsinki, 1952), 331-338; F.W. Ratcliffe, `The Psalm Translation of Heinrich von Mügeln [ca. 1360]', Bulletin of the John Rylands Library 43/2 (1961), 426-451; Idem, Zeitschrift für deutsche Philologie, 84 (Berlin, 1965), 46-76; Die deutsche Literatur des Mittelalters. Verfasserlexikon VI, 1119ff & XI, 1054; A.-K. Hahn, ‘Die ebreyschen sprechen dorobir - die ‘Postilla' des N.v.L. in der Historienbibel Berlin SBBPK, mgf 1277', in: Metamorphosen der Bibel, ed. R. Plate et al., Vestigia Bibliae 24/25, 2003/2004 (2004)] ; The Postilla of Nicholas of Lyra on the Song of Songs, ed. & trans. James George Kiecker, Reformation Texts with Translation, Biblical Studies Series 3 (Milwaukee Michigan: Marquette UP & Association of Jesuit UP, 1998).

literature

Sbaralea, Supplementum. II. 276-281; S. Berger, Quam notitiam linguae Hebraicae habuerint Christiani medii aevi temporibus in Gallia (Nancy, 1893); J. Neuman, ‘Influence de Rashi et d’autres commentateurs Juifs sur les Postillae Perpetua de Nicolas de Lyre’, Revue des études Juives 26 (1893), 172-182, 250-262; Henri Labrosse, `Sources de la biographie de Nicolas de Lyre', Études Franciscaines, 16 (1906), 383-404; idem, `Biographie de Nicolas de Lyre', Études Franciscaines, 17 (1907), 488-505, 593-608; idem, `Oeuvres de Nicolas de Lyre', Études Franciscaines, 19 (1908), 41-52, 153-175, 368-79, and 35 (1923), 171-187, 400-432; A. Michalski, ‘Raschis Einfluss auf Nicolaus v. Lyra in der Auslegung der Bücher Leviticus, Numeri und Deuteronomium’, Zeitschrift für Alttestamentische Wissenschaft 35 (1915), 218-243, 36 (1916), 29-63; Ch.-V. Langlois, Histoire littéraire de la France 36 (1927), 355-400; C. Spicq, Esquisse d’une histoire de l’exégèse latine au Moyen Age (Paris, 1944), 335-342; H.B. Gutman, ‘Nicholas of Lyra and Michelangelo’s Ancestors of Christ’, Franciscan Studies 4 (1944), 223-228; Stegmüller, RB. IV. 5827-5994; M. Adinolfi, ‘De mariologicis Lyrani Postillis in Prophetas medii aevi exegeseos lumine perpensis’, Studii biblici Franciscani liber annuus 9 (Jerusalem, 1958/59), 199-250; M. Adinolfi, ‘Maria et Ecclesia in Cantico Canticorum Penes Lyranum’, Divus Thomas 80 (1959), 559-565; M. Adinolfi, ‘De mariologicis Lyrani postillis in Prophetas Medii Aevi exegeseos lumine perpensis’, Studii Biblici Franciscani Liber Annuus 9 (1958/9), 199-250; Divus Thomas 80 (1959), 559-565; Antonianum 34 (1959), 321-335; M. Adinolfi, ‘De protoevangelio (gn. 3,15) penes Lyranum’, Antonianum 35 (1960), 328-338; H. de Lubac, Exégèse médiévale. Les quatre sens de l'Écriture (Paris, 1959-1964); H. Hailperin, Rashi and the Christian Scholars (Pittsburg, 1963), 135-246, 282-357; B. Blumenkranz, `Nicolas de Lyre et Jacob ben Ruben', Journal of Jewish Studies, 16 (1965), 47-51; H. Rüthing, `Kritische Bemerkungen zu einer mittelalterlichen Biographie des Nicolaus von Lyra', AFH, 60 (1967), 42-54; The Cambridge History of the Bible, ed. G.W.H. Lampe, vol. 2 (Cambridge, 1969); Schneyer, IV, 338-357; E.A. Gosselin, 'A listing of the printed editions of Nicolas de Lyra.' Traditio. 26 (1970) 399-426; ); H. Rosenau, Helen, `The Architecture of Nicolaus de Lyra's Temple Illustrations and the Jewish Tradition', Journal of Jewish Studies, 25 (1974), 294-304; E.H. Merrill, ‘Rashi, Nicholas de Lyra and Christian Exegesis’, Westminster Theological Journal 38 (1975), 66-79; J. Kiecker, The Hermeneutical Principles and Exegetical Methods of Nicholas of Lyra, O.F.M., PhD Thesis (Marquette University, Milwaukee, 1978); J. Cohen, The Friars and the Jews. The Evolution of Medieval Anti-Judaism (Ithaca and London, 1982); Cl. Schmitt, ‘Nicolas de Lyre.' Dict. de Spir.. XI. Parijs, 1982. 291-292; Thomas M Kalita, The influence of Nicholas of Lyra on Martin Luther's Commentary on Genesis, PhD. Diss. (1985); K. Reinhardt, `Das Werk des Nicolaus von Lyra im mittelalterlichen Spanien', Traditio, 43 (1987), 321-358 (with additional manuscri[t information); M. Scott Woodward, Nicholas of Lyra on Beatific Vision (1992); Ph. Krey, ‘Nicholas of Lyra: Apocalypse Commentator, Historian, and Critic’, Franciscan Studies, 52 (1992), 53-84; Deeana Copeland Klepper, `The Dating of Nicholas of Lyra's `Quaestio de Adventu Christi'', AFH 86 (1993), 297-312; W. Bunte, Rabbinische Traditionen bei Nicolaus von Lyra. Ein Beitrag zur Schriftauslegung des Spätmittelalters, Judentum und Umwelt 58 (Frankfurt am Main and Berlin, 1994); Ph. Krey, `Many Readers but few Followers; The Fate of Nicholas of Lyra's Apocalypse Commentary in the Hands of his Late Medieval Admirers', Church History 64 (1995); W.Bunte, Rabbinische Traditionen bei Nikolaus von Lyra (Frankfurt a.M.-New York, 1994); Deeana Copeland Klepper, Nicholas of Lyra’s ‘Quaestio de Adventu Christi’ and the Franciscan encounter with Jewish tradition in the Late Middle Ages, PhD Diss. (Northwestern University Chicago, 1995); P. Buc, ‘Exégèse et pensée politique: Radulphus Niger (vers 1190) et Nicolas de Lyre (vers 1330)’, in: Représentation, pouvoir et royauté à la fin du Moyen Age, ed. J. Blanchard (Paris, 1995), 145-164; Bert Roest, Reading the Book of History, Diss. (Groningen, 1996), passim; Philip Krey, ‘Nicholas of Lyra and Paul of Burgos on Islam’, in: Medieval Christian Perceptions of Islam, ed. J.V. Tolan (New York-London, 1996), 153-174; Bert Roest, ‘Franciscaanse apocalyptiek in middeleeuws perspectief’, in: Visioenen aangaande het einde. Apocalyptische geschriften en bewegingen door de eeuwen heen, red. J.W. van Henten & O. Mellink (Zoetermeer, 1998), 189-220; Nicholas of Lyra, The senses of Scripture, ed, Philip D.W. Krey & Lesley Smith, Studies in the history of Christian Thought, 90 (Leiden - Boston - Köln, Brill Academic Publishers, 2000). [Cf. Reviews in Collectanea Francescana 70 (2000), 590-592 & Franciscan Studies 59 (2001), 271-275. This volume contains for instance: Corrine Patton, ‘Creation, fall and salvation: Lyra’s commentary on Genesis 1-3’ 19-43; Lesley Smith, ‘The rewards of faith: Nicholas of Lyra on Ruth’, 45-58; Frans van Liere, The literal sense of the books of Samuel and Kings: From Andrew of St Victor  to Nicholas of Lyra’, 59-81; Philippe Buc, ‘The Book of Kings: Nicholas of Lyra’s Mirror of Princes’, 83-109; Theresa Gross-Diaz, ‘What’s a Good soldier to do? Scholarship and Revelation in the Postills on the Psalms’, 111-128; Mary Dove, ‘Literal senses in the Song of Songs’, 129-146; Michael A. Signer, ‘Vision and history: Nicholas of Lyra on the prophet Ezechiel’, 147-171; Mark Zier, ‘Nicholas of Lyra on the book of Daniel’, 173-193; Kevin Modigan, ‘Lyra on the Gospel of Matthew’, 195-221; Lesley Smith, ‘The Gospel truth: Nicholas of Lyra on John’, 223-249; Philip D.W. Krey, ‘The Old Law prohibits the hand and not the Spirit: The Law and the Jews in Nicholas of Lyra’s Romans commentary of 1329’, 251-266; Philip D.W. Krey, ‘The Apocalypse commentary of 1329: Problems in Church history’, 267-288; Deana Copeland Klepper, ‘Nicholas of Lyra and Franciscan interest in Hebrew Scholarship’, 289-311]; Lydwine Scordia, ‘L’exégèse au service de l’impôt royal; la Postille du Franciscain Nicolas de Lyre (1349)’, Revue d’Histoire de l’église de France 89:223 (2003), 309-323; Felipe Pereda, ‘Le origini dell’architettura cubica: Alfonso de Madrigal, Nicola da Lira e la ‘querelle salominista’ nella Spagna del Quattrocento’, Annali di Architettura 17 (2005), 21-52; Deeana Copeland Klepper, The Insight of Unbelievers: Nicholas of Lyra and Christian Readings of Jewish Texts in the Later Middle Ages (Philadelphia: U. of Pennsylvania Press, 2007); James M. Matenaer, Franciscan Studies 65 (2007), 349-369; F.A. van Liere, ‘Andrew of Saint-Victor and His Franciscan Critics’, in: The Multiple Meaning of Scripture. The Role of Exegesis in Early-Christian and Medieval Culture, ed. Ineke van’t Spijker, Commentaria. Sacred Texts and Their Commentaries: Jewish, Christian and Islamic, 2 (Leiden-Boston: Brill, 2009), 291-310.

Nicolaus Denyse (de Niise/de Nyse, d. 1509, Rouen)

OMObs, French friar, born in Beuzeville (Normandy). Was already a secular priest, canon, and general vicar of the Coutances diocese before entering the Observant branch of the order in the Valogne convent (which had been established in 1477). Participated in the provincial chapter of Ath as custos of the Basse-Normandie custody. Was elected vicar of the French Observants (13 June, 1500). As vicar, he presided over the chapters of Nancy (September 1501) and Bruges (May, 1503). Was re-elected as provincial vicar at the chapter of Ghent (June 1505), and kept this position until the general chapter of Écluse (August, 1508). He died in Rouen on 18 May, 1509. Nicolas was a renowned preacher, whose sermons and homiletic manuals (such as the Gemma Praedicantium) received several editions during his lifetime and after his death. Besides, he is known for his Opus super Novissimos/Speculum Mortalium and the Resolutio Theologorum/In Quatuor Libros Sententiarum. The latter work amounts to a concise Scotist theology manual, divided in seven parts. [for more biographical info, see esp. Wegerich]

editions

Summa seu Gemma Predicantium in Tribus Libris: Aedificatoris, Destructorio, Reparatio (Rouen, s.a. [ca. 1500]/Paris, 1512/Basel, 1508/Brescia & Strasbourg, s.a.) [Homiletic manual/sermon collection for the use of preachers]

Sermones de Tempore (Hagenau, 1510)

Sermones de Sanctis (Strasbourg, 1510/Neurenberg, 1510)

Sermones pro Adventu & de Quadragesima (Rouen, 1508)

Sermones XII de S. Francisco (Paris, 1510)

Sermones Hyemales & Sermones Aestivales (Hagenau, s.a. [1510 or 1518])

Compendium seu Resolutio Theologorum/In Quatuor Libros Sententiarum/Opus super Sententias (Rouen: Martin Morin, 1504 & 1506/Lyon: Simon Benelaqua, 1516/Venice: Heredes Melchioris Sessae, 1568/Paris: Michaelis Sonnicus, 1573 & 1574/Venice: Heredes Melchioris Sessae, 1574) [The work is divided in seven parts. It deasl respectively with God, creation, original sin, the incarnation and redemption mysteries, the working of grace, the virtues, the sacraments, and the final judgment. >>?It looks like a Scotist re-working of Bonaventure’s breviloquium and comparable works (such as the Dominican Compendium Veritatis)]

Opus super Novissimis seu Speculum Mortalium (Rouen: Martin Morin, 1506/Antwerp: Henricus Eckert de Homberg, 1518) etc.

More info on these editions is to be found in Wegerich (1942), 165-166.

literature

Sbaralea, Supplementum II, 283-284; Catalogue général des livres imprimés de la Bibliothèque Nationale XXXVIII, 636-641; Zawart, ‘A History of Franciscan Preaching (…)’, Franciscan Studies/The Franciscan Educational Conference 9 (Washington, 1927), 360-1; H. Lippens, ‘Les Chapîtres et les Vicaires Observants de la Province de France (1415?-1517)’, Revue d’Histoire Franciscaine 6 (1929), 277-278; E. Wegerich, ‘Bio-bibliographische Notizen über Franziskanerlehrer des 15. Jahrhunderts’, Franziskanische Studien 29 (1942), 164-166; Clément Schmitt, ‘Nicolaus Denyse’, DSpir XI, 269-270.

Nicolaus de Ockham (ca. 1245-ca. 1320)

English friar. Theologian. Read the Sentences in Oxford ca. 1282. Successor of Alanus of Wakefield as lector and magister regens

manuscripts

In I-IV Sent.: Assisi, 152; 165; 671; Florence Naz. G. 5. 858; Oxford Merton College 134; Sarnano E. 82; Vat. Ottob. 623 etc. (in all ca. 10 mss)

Principia I-IV: Assisi, 671

Sermo: Worcester Cath. Q. 46 f. 97v

Quaestiones Disputatae: Assisi, 158 ff. 239-341

editions

Quaestiones Disputatae de Dilectione Dei, ed. C. Saco Alarçón, Spicilegium Bonaventurianum, 21 (Grottaferrata, 1981)

Quaestiones Disputatae de Traductione Humanae Naturae a Primo Parente, Spicilegium Bonaventurianum, 27 (Grottaferrata, 1993)

In I Sent. Partial edition [d. 3, q. 2] by A. Daniels, in: Quellenbeiträge und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der Gottesbeweise im dreizehnten Jahrhundert, Beiträge zur Geschichte der Philosophie und Theologie des MA, 8, 1-2 (Münster, 1909), 82ff

Quaestio an Dona sint Virtutes, ed. O. Lottin, in Idem, Psychologie et morale au XIIe ett XIIIe siècle, IV (Louvain-Gembloux, 1954), 693

literature

A.G.Little & F. Pelster, Oxford Theology and Theologians (Oxford, 1934), 88f, 124f; Stegmüller, RS, I, nn. 552ff; Doucet, AFH, 47 (1954), 146ff; A. Emmen, Franz. Stud., 39 (1957), 113ff, 131f.; C. Saco Alarçón, `Nicolás de Ockham OFM (d. 1320), Vida y Obras', Antonianum, 53 (1978), 493-573; L. Sileo & F. Zanatta, `I maestri di teologia della seconda metà del Duecento', in: Storia della teologia nel medioevo. III, La teologia delle scuole, ed. G. d'Onofrio (Casale Monferrato, 1996), esp. 40-42, 138-9; Putallaz, Figures Franciscaines, p. 166

Nicolaus de Orbellis (second half 15th century, d. ca. 1473)

First OMConv, later OmObs. Born in Angers. Friar in the province of Tours. Had considerable fame as theologian, historian and mathematician. Regent master of theology at Paris. Also active as public lector in several studia of Western France (Poitiers and/or Angers). Compiled, among other things, an interesting Compendium Sententiarum (alongside of comparable compendia for the other disciplines), which is judged to be the classical handbook of the later fifteenth century `Franciscan School' [14 editions in 26 jears] . [see for more biographical info Wegerich]

manuscripts

Compendium Sententiarum/ Compendium super Sententias [finished shortly after 1465]:?

Compendium Mathematicae.: Bologna Univ. 1114?; Stuttgart, Württemb. Landesbibl. HB X 10 ff. 162-168r

Declarationes Quorundam Terminorum Theologicarum:

Super Summulas Petri Hispani ad Mentem Scoti:

Compendium Mathematicae, Physicae et Metaphysicae

editions

Declaratio Quorundam Terminorum theologicarum: edited in several of the Compendium editions. Also edited separately under the name of Francis of Meyronnes (Venice, 1520).

Sermones in Omnes Epistolas Quadragesimales (Lyon, 1491) [dubious: probably the work of Petrus de Orbellis]

Compendium super Sententias (Paris: Felic Baligaut, 1488/Rouen: Morin, s.a./Paris: Baligaut, 1498/ Paris: Joh. Petit, s.a../Paris: Joh. Richard. 1499/Hagenau: Heinrich Gran, 1503/Venice: Laz. De Soardis, 1507/Paris: Joh. Petit, 1509/Paris: Joh. Barbier et Fr. Regnault, 1511/Paris: Fr. Regnault, 1515, 1517, 1521)

Expositio Logicae (Parma: Damianus de Moylis & Joh. Antonius de Montalli, 1482/Basel: Michael Furter, 1494)

Logicae Summula Una cum Petri Hispani Textu, edited together with the Quaestiones de Tribus Principiis rerum Naturalium Antonii Andreae and the Formalitates secundum Viam Doctoris Subtilis Nicolai Boneti (Venice: Bernardus de Choris & Simon de Luero, 1489/Venice: Albertus Rubeus Vercellensis, 1500/Basel, M. Furter, 1494/Venice, 1516)

Logica, Compendium Scientiae Speculativae (Mathematicae, Physicae, Metaphysicae) Ethica (Basel, 1503)

Compendium Mathematicae (s.l., s.a.)

Compendium Mathematicae, Physicae et Metaphysicae, 3 Vols. (Bologna: Henricus de Harlem, 1485)

Expositio Librorum Metaphysicae Aristotelis (Bologna: Henricus de Harlem & Matthaeus Crescentinus, 1485) [=Book III of the Compendium Mathematicae, Physicae et Metaphysicae]

Cursus Librorum Philosophiae Naturalis (Basel: Michael Furter, 1494)

De Scientia Mathematica et Physica (Bologna, 1473)

literature

Zawart, 303; Wegerich, Franz. Stud, 29 (1942), 174-178; Doucet, AFH, 47 (1954), 149

Nicolaus de Osimo (Nicolaus Auximano/Niccolo de Osimo, d. 1454)

OFMObs. Italian friar from a noble family in the March of Ancona. Studied law at Bologna, where he reached the magisterium. After some years of practising law, he entered the Observants, in order to save his soul. Was sent back to the March of Ancona to preach and teach moral theology. In and after 1431, he fulfilled several functions (a.o. as provincial vicar). Bernardino da Siena, then general vicar of the Cismontan observants, appointed him as general commissioner at the papal court. There he defended the Observant cause against Conventual complaints. In 1446, he was provincial vicar of the March of Ancona province, and in 1453, he took part in the committee that examined the papal bul Ut Sacra Ordinis Minorum Religio of Eugenius IV (January 1446), which had given the Observants full autonomy. Niccolo died shortly thereafter at the Aracoeli convent. Niccolo produced several important canonist/moral theological works, such as the Supplementum Summae Pisanellae and the Interrogatorium Confessorum. Besides, he produced sermons, and ascetical works, such as the Quadriga Spirituale (1442), which amounts to a Christian handbook expounding the necessary elements of a good christian life. More directly geared to the religious life within the order of Friars Minor are his Della Religione, his Declaratio super Regula Fratrum Minorum, the Esposizione della nuova dichirazione sopra lo Regola, the Declaratio Praeceptorum Regulae Sanctae Clarae, a Memoriale, and the Apologia contra Robertum de Lecce. To him is also ascribed a Zardino de oration fructuoso (first printed in 1494), yet without further evidence.

editions

Sermones>>> Cf. Sbaralea

Supplementum Summae Pisanellae (Venice, 1474) [many later editions as well]

Interrogatorium Confessorum>>See the study of Dieterle.

Quadriga Spirituale (Iesi, 1475) [For these and later editions, see Hain n. 2173-2175. See also the study of Spezi (1865). This handbook for christians, first issued in 1442, deals in its four parts with faith, the works of charity, the confession of sins, and prayer. The book had an immediate and great succes, as can be charted via the many manuscripts and editions (both of the complete work, and of its individual parts]

Della Religione >>> See the study of Spezi (1865) [This little work deals in 24 chapters with the search for evangelical perfection in the (Franciscan) religious life. After a defense of the religious life and its merits, the work explains in detail the obligations and tasks of those who have chosen to follow the path of perfection, and want to engage in the spiritual battle leading to the negation of the self, trust in God, commemoration of Christ and his passion, reflection on death and the afterlife. The many references to the Bible, the Church fathers and many theologians of the via antiqua testify to Niccolo’s (traditional) theological erudition]

Declaratio super Regula Fratrum Minorum (1440) [This work, which was approved by his Observant superiors (such as Bernardino da Siena), who had it published on 31 July 1440, gives a clear insight into the precepts of the Franciscan rule for the Observant friars. Cf. A. Wilmart, ‘Le commentaire de Nicolas d’Osimo sur la règle de saint François’, Analecta Reginensia, Studi e testi 59 (Vatican City, 1933), 301-310]

Esposizione della nuova dichiarazione sopra la Regola >>> See the study of Spezi (1865) and A. Wilmart, ‘Le commentaire de Nicolas d’Osimo sur la règle de saint François’, Analecta Reginensia, Studi e testi 59 (Vatican City, 1933), 301-310 [Gives an overview of the constitutions edited by John Capistran and approved by pope Martin V, and argues that these Observant constitutions are fully coherent with the Rule of Francis]

Declaratio Praeceptorum Sanctae Clarae >>> See L.-M. Nuñez, ‘Explicatio regulae S. Clarae auctore Nicolao de Auximo’, AFH 5 (1912), 299-314 & Z. Lazzeri, ‘Novae animadversiones circa Declarationes Regulae S. Clarae a S. Ioanne a Capistrano et a Fr. Nicolao Auximano conscriptas’, AFH 9 (1916), 445-447]

Memoriale (1441) & Apologia contra Robertum de Lecce (1453). See the studies of C. Piana in AFH 71 (1978), and AFH 72 (1979) [The Memoriale, presented to a papal committee, is a refutation of allegations against Bernardino da Siena and his Observant reform ideals. The Apologia atacks Roberto Caracciolo’s denunciations of the Observant cause (after the latter’s defection to the Conventuals), and once again stresses the legitimacy of the bull Ut sacra Ordinis Minorum religio (1446)]

>>? Zardino de Oration Fructuoso (Venice, 1494/Florence, s.a.) Cf. Hain n. 7772 & Hain, Supplement n. 2734.

literature

Wadding, Annales Minorum X , 139-141, 201 XI, 45-53, 117, 126-127, XII, 33-34, 199; Sbaralea, Supplementum II, 266-268; J. Dietterle, Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte 27 (1906), 183-188; AFH 5 (1912), 299-314; AFH 9 (1916), 445-447; C. Piana, AFH 71 (1978), 369, 372-373, 382; C. Piana, AFH 72 (1979), 37, 39-51; U. Picciafuoco, Fr. Nicolò da Osimo, vita, opere, spiritualità (Monteprandone, 1980); DSpir XI, 293-295.

Nicolaus de Podiobonito (Niccolò da Poggibonsi, d. 1346 ?)

Italians friar from Poggibonsi (Tuscany). Famous for his travel story/pilgrim guide on Palestine, the Peregrinatio sua ad loca sancta Palestinae of de Libro d'Oltramare (na 1345), which survived in many manuscripts, and formed the basis for many other, comparable, standardised pilgrim guides.

editions:

Libro d'oltramare di Fra Niccolò da Poggibonsi, ed. Alberto Bacchi della Lega, Scelta di curiosità letterarie inedite o rare dal secolo xiii al xvii, Disp. clxxxii-iii, 2 Vols. (Bologna, 1881); Libro d'Oltramare, ed. P.B. Bagatti, Pubblicazioni dello Studium Biblicum Franciscanum 2, Part 1 (Jerusalem, 1945).

A fourteenth-century German translation of the work, which has survived in MS London, British Library Egerton 1900 ff. 2r-151r (15th cent.), has been edited as: The German Translation of Niccolò da Poggibonsi’s Libro d’Oltramare, ed. C.D.M. Cossar, GAG (=Göppinger Arbeiten zur Germanistik) 452 (Göppingen: Kümmerle, 1985). The translation probably was made in Passau, and later was copied by the Nürnberg patrician Gabriel Muffel (who himself might also have made a pilgrimage to Palestine). According to the editor C.D.M. Cossar, the German text itself formed the basis for the anonymous Italian Viazo da Venesia al sancto iherusalem et al monte sinai (Bologna, 1500), the woodcuttings of which very much resemble the drawings in the Egerton MS. See for more information VL 2^nd ed. VI, 969-970.

modern translations

Bellorini and Hoade (vert.), A Voyage beyond the Seas, Pubblicazioni dello Studium Biblicum Franciscanum 2, Part 2 (Jerusalem, 1945).

literature

Sbaralea, Supplementum. II. 286; Golubovich, V, 1-24; Moraw, P., `Reisen im europaïschen Spätmittelalter im Licht der neueren historischen Forschung', in: Reisen und Reiseliteratur im Mittelalter und in der Frühen Neuzeit, ed. X. von Ertzdorff & D. Neukirch, Chloe: Beihefte zum Daphnis, 13 (Amsterdam-Atlanta, 1992), 113-139. Richard, J., La papauté et les missions d'orient au moyen âge (xii<sup>e</sup>-xv<sup>e</sup> siècles), Collection de l'Ecole Française de Rome, 33 (Rome, 1977); idem, Les récits de voyages et de pèlerinages, Typologie des sources du moyen âge occidental, 38 (Turnhout, 1981); idem, `Voyages réels et voyages imaginaires, instruments de la connaissance géographique au moyen-âge', Culture et travail intellectual médiévale dans l'occident médiéval, Bilan des `Colloques d'humanisme médiéval' (1960-1980) (Paris, 1981), 211-220. J. Brefeld, A Guidebook for the Jerusalem Pilgrimage in the Late Middle Ages: A Case for Computer-Aided Criticism (Hilversum, 1994); Sergio Gensini, ‘Un ‘baedecker’ del XIV secolo: il ‘Libro d’oltramare’ di Niccolò da Poggibonsi’, Miscellanea Storica della Valdelsa 107 (2001), 7-44.

Nicolaus de Sicilia (late 14th century)

Studied at Paris. Later provincial minister of Sicilia and professor of theology in Bologna. To him is ascribed a work/poem on the stigmata of Francis. But that might be the work of another Nicholas, working in the early 15th century.

editions

?Versus Heroici et Sapphici in Laudem S. Francisci Eiusque Stigmatum (Florence, 1568)

literature

Sbaralea, Suppl., II, 282; B. Pergamo, AFH, 27 (1934), 12-14.

Nicolaus de Torgau (fl. early fifteenth century)

Guardian of the Breslau convent, known for his devotion for the name of Jesus.

literature/edition

F. Delorme, ‘Apologie de la dévotion au S. Nom de Jésus par le P. Nicolas de Torgau, O.F.M., gardien de Breslau’, AFH 34 (1941) 359-419.

Nicolaus de Uzzano (Niccolò da Uzzano, d. after 1427)

OFMObs

literature

Ottaviano Giovannetti, ‘A proposito di due Niccolò da Uzzano’ [namely Nicolaus de Uzzano, mercator † 1431 & Nicolaus de Uzzano, obs. † post 1427], Studi Francescani 97 (2000), 163-174.

Nicolaus Eyfeler (d. after 1454)

OFMObs. Friar from Southern Germany or Switzerland (probably from Koblenz, cf. MS Freiburg UB 97 f. 91v). Accompagnied John of Capistran on his German sermon tours between 1451 and 1454, and acted as Capistran’s interpreter (for instance in Zwickau and Chemnitz (cf. MS Munich clm 9003 ff. 23r & 24v) and Nürnberg (July 1452, cf. AF II, 341).He also was present in Amberg, when the Amberg convent was established as an Observant foundation by Capistran on 23 October 1452. On 18 June, 1454, Nicholas preached in the Franciscan convent of Basel (cf. AF II, 348). Nicholas is known for a sermon compilation based on Capistran’s sermons (Munich clm 9003, ascription not secure) and for an Ars Praedicandi, in which he unfolds an innovative homiletic doctrine based on the example and conceptual framework of Capistran’s preaching. Nicholas’ Ars Praedicandi leaves behind some of the characteristics of scholastic homiletic training, to emphasize the importance of rhetoric (on the basis of Cicero’s Rhetorica ad Herennium). In the work, Nicholas also mentions his Liber Equivocorum, which would have been an introduction to spiritual exegesis for homiletic purposes. This latter work has not been found.

manuscripts

Sermones: Munich clm 9003

Ars Praedicandi: Freiburg UB 97 ff. 87r-91v (c. 1458/60): Munich clm 25224 ff. 97v-102r (late 15th cent.); Munich clm 8094 ff. 296r-302r (c. 1457)

Liber Equivorocum:>>?

literature

AF II (1887), 341ff; Charland, Artes Praedicandi, 71; J. Hofer & O. Bonmann, Johannes Kapistran, 2nd Edition (Munich, 1964), 440-444.

Nicolaus Ferber de Herborn (ca. 1485-1535, Toulouse)

OMObs. Friar from Hesse. Joined the Observants probably before 1510 and studied theology at Cologne (c. 1512). Guardian of Marburg (c. 1520). Very active in the struggle to prevent Hesse from joining the reformed camp. Published to this end an open letter to Prince Philip of Hessen and faced in disputes the former Franciscan and now Lutheran Spokesman Francis Lambert. Eventually, Nicolaus was forced to leave Hessen. >From 1527 onwards, he was guardian of the Franciscan convent of Brühl. Was appointed preacher at the cathedral church of Cologne. In his sermons he attacked the reformers. In 1530, he struggled against the Lutheran reform in Denmark. Between 1530 and 1532 he also was provincial minister of the Observant Cologne province, and from 1532 onwards he was ‘commissarius generalis ordinis’ for the order provinces outside Italy, which caused him to travel much (Spain, France, and The Netherlands). Aside from his polemics against the Lutherans, he also wrote one of the first treatises on missionary methods for converting the indigenous peoples of the New World, and a Methodus Praedicandi Verbi Divini. Initially, Nicolaus was very much in favour of the Erasmian programme. Later in life, when many humanists joined the Lutherans and other anti-Catholic groups, Nicolaus changed his pro-Erasmian positions, accusing in his Ennarationes Erasmus of laying the egg that Luther hatched. Ersmus was deeply offended. He badmouthed Nicolaus and tried to have the Enarrationes suppressed.

editions

Monas Sacrosanctae Evangilicae Doctrinae (Cologne, 1529; Paris, 1534)

Eyn Sendtbrieff an den Fürsten Philippen (1525)

Assertationes Adversus Fr. Lamberti Paradoxa Impia (Cologne: P. Quentel, 1527)

Confutatio Lutheranismi Danici, ed. L. Schmitt (Florence, 1902) [written during his sejourn in Denmark]

Loci Communes Adversus Haereses/Locorum Communium Adversus Huius Temporis Haeresis Enchiridion (Cologne: E. Cervicornus, 1528; Cologne: Petrus Quentel, 1529); Locorum Communium Adversus Huius Temporis Haeresis Enchiridion, ed. P. Schlager (Münster, 1927)

Epitome Convertendi Gentes Indiarum (Cologne: M. von Neuss, 1532)

Tractatulus de Notis Verae Ecclesiae ab Adultera Dignoscendae, edited in the second printing of the anti-Lutheran Locorum Communium Adversus Huius Temporis Haeresis Enchiridion (Cologne: Petrus Quentel, 1529).

Methodus Praedicandi verbi Divini concionatoribus cum utilis tum acommodata, edited in the second printing of the anti-Lutheran Locorum Communium Adversus Huius Temporis Haeresis Enchiridion (Cologne: Petrus Quentel, 1529). Amounts to a plea to base Catholic preaching on the text of Scripture, to use the Church Fathers (especially Augustine’s De Doctrina Christiana) as sources for the correct understanding of the biblical text and as a model for good preaching. Karl Köhler, ‘Nicolays Ferber’s Methodus Pradicandi verbi divini von 1529’, Zeitschrift für praktische Theologie 15 (Frankfurt a.M. 1893), 30ff.

Enarrationes Evangeliorum per Sacrum Quadragesimae Tempus Occurentium (Antwerp: M. Hillen, 1533/Paris: A. Berthelin, 1543) [brought forth the wrath of Erasmus, as Nicolaus attacked him as an instigator of Lutheranism etc. Erasmus had received only a few pages of the work in which he was mentioned. Their content enticed Erasmus to lobby for the prohibition of the work (letters to Archbishop Jean de Carondolet), and caused him to complain bitterly about Nicolaus in several letters to his friends. Cf. for instance 2896, 2898, 2899, 291122, 2915, 2961, 30533, 3100)

literature

A. Rebe, Nikolaus Herborn (Herborn, 1869); W. Virnich, ‘Nekrologium und Memorienbuch der Franziskaner zu Brühl …’, Annalen des historischen Vereins für den Niederrhein 34-35 (1879), 87-166 (108); K. Köhler, ‘Nikolaus Ferbers Methodus Praedicandi Verbi Divini von 1529’, Zeitschrift für praktische Theologie 14 (1892), 305-338; L. Schmitt, Der kölner Theologe Nikolaus Stagefur und der Franziskaner Nikolaus Herborn (Freiburg, 1896); L. Schmitt, Die Verteidigung der katholischen Kirche in Dänemark gegen die Religionserneuerung im 16. Jahrhundert (Paderborn, 1899); Patricius Schlager, Geschichte der Kölner Franziskanerprovinz während des Reformationszeitalters (Regensburg, 1909), 33ff; O. v.d. Vat, in: Coll. Franc. Neerlandica, 2 (1931), 395-425; LThK, 3 (1931), 998-999; Harry Caplan & Henry H. King, ‘Latin Tractates on Preaching: A Book-List’, The Harvard Theological Review 42:3 (Jul., 1949), 190; E. Kurten, Franz Lambert von Avignon und Nikolaus Herborn in ihrer Stellung zum Ordensgedanken und zum Franziskanertum im besonderen (Münster, 1950); A. Goetz, ‘Nikolaus von Herborn. Anleitung zur Heidenbekehrung’, in: Heilige, Märtyrer und Helden (Aschaffenburg, 1957), 135-141; J. Beckman, ‘Die erste katholische Missionslehre der Neuzeit in einem Basler Druck von 1555’, Zeitschrift für schweizerische Kirchengeschichte 57 (1963), 55-63; J. Beumer, ‘Erasmus von Rotterdam und seine Freunde aus dem Franziskanerorden’, Franziskanische Studien 51 (1969), 117-129; Eugen Hoffmann & Peter G. Bietenholz, ‘Nikolaus Ferber’, in: Contemporaries of Erasmus, A Biographical Register II, 16-17; John O’Malley, ‘Form, Content, and Influence of Works about Preaching before Trent: The Franciscan Contribution’, in: I frati minori tra ‘400 e ‘500, Atti del XII Convegno Internazionale Assisi, 18-19-20 ottobre 1984 (Assisi, 1986), 36-40.

Nicolaus Gazet (Nicolas Gazeus, fl. early seventeenth cent.)

OFMRec. Friar from Northern France or the most Southern Parts of The Netherlands. Entered the Recollect branch at an early age. Apparently received a sound theological education, as can be deducted from his activities as preacher, professor of theology, and spiritual counsellor of female religious communities in and around Béthune. Not much more is known about his life. His literary production was large, and covers biographical, historiographical, meditative, and homiletic genres.

editions

Le miroer des veufves dans la vie et la mort de Louise de Lorraine, reyne de France et de Pologne (Paris, 1601). This work amounts to an ‘educative’ biography of queen Louise, the widow of king Henri III of France.

Chronique ou Institution première de la religion des annonciades (…) avec leur reigle, privilèges et cérémonies, le tout tiré des mémoriaux du cloistre des annonciades en Béthune (Arras, 1607).

L’encensoir de l’âme dévote, rempli d’oraisons odorantes et odoriférantes (Arras, 1612). A work of prayers and meditative excercises.

Le grand palais de la miséricorde orné et tapissé de belles et riches pièces de sept oeuvres de l’aumosne corporelle, 2 Vols. (Douai, 1606; a Latin translation appeared in Trier & Cologne, in 1625). This is a large sermon collection.

L’Histoire sacrée des bon-heurs et mal-heurs d’Adam et Eve, enrichie de notables recherches et moralités, 2 Vols (Arras, 1616-1618). A collection of 31, sometimes rather peculiar, sermons. Some extracts of this work have been published in the Archives historiques et littéraires du Nord de la France, 3rd. Ser. no. 4 (1854), 347-351.

literature

S. Dirks, Histoire littéraire et bibliographie des Frères mineurs (…) en Belgique (Antwerp, 1885), 129-131; DSpir VI, 173-174; DHGE XX, 187-188.

Nicolaus Glassberger (Nicolaus de Moravia, d. 1508, Nürnberg)

Franciscan historian. Born in Bohemia. Studied probably in Leipzig between 1456 and 1458. Entered the Franciscan Observant wing in 1472 (Amberg). Studied in Basel (1475/6) and travelled in Bohemia and Mähren (1479), where he was active as missionary among the Hussites. From 1483 onwards mostly found in the Neurenberg convent. Also active there as confessor of the local Poor Clares. Contacts with Neurenberg humanists as Hartmann Schedel and Conrad Celtis. In 1498 he was in charge of the edition of the Trilogium Animae of Louis of Prussia, in which he inserted a small work that argued against the Supplementum Chronicarum of Jacob Philip of Bergamo (The Supplementum argued that Francis of Assisi actually had been a disciple of an Italian hermit community, following the rule of Augustine). Glassberger’s most famous work is the Chronica Ordinis Minorum Observantium, which he wrote beteen 1506 and 1508 on request of the guardian of the Franciscan Neurenberg convent, Bartholomaeus Wyer. The chronicle was later extended by an unknown continuator up till the year 1517, while a second continuator added a list of provincial and general chapters up till 1580. Many elements of Glassberger's chronicle were later taken over by Wadding, with additional information.

manuscripts

Chronica Ordinis Minorum Observantium: MS München, Bibl. d. Franziskanerklosters St. Anna, Hs 8° Cmm.7.; München, Staatsbibl. 1191 ff. 1ra-10rb [>> München, Bayerisches Nationalmuseum 1191!!] [fragments in German vernacular]; Rome S. Isidor 1/61 [=Chronica Anonyma Fratrum Minorum Germaniae Superioris; which to a large extent is an extract of Glasberger’s Chronica. Cf. Schweizerische theologische Zeitschrift 35 (1918), 131-148; AFH 15 (1922), 574.]

Compilation of Franciscan chronicles (finished in 1491): MS Hall (Tirol), Franziskanerkloster I 4, 236 S. [autograph manuscript. Was work manuscript that Glassberger later used for the compilation of the Chronica Ordinis Minorum Observantium [Cf. also the edition of the latter in AF III (1897), where this manuscript is used and referred to as Codex B.]

Stammbaum der deutschen Kaiser und Könige: Vienna, cod. 12919 [compiled on request of Conrad Celtis. See: H. Maschek, AFH, 28 (1935), 576]

Maior Chronica Bohemorum Moderna: Brünn, Landesarchiv, G 12 (=Slg. Ceroni) II 292 [Written for Count John of Mantua. Work remained unfinished. Last entries c. 1500 (dealing with materials until 1310). See the edition of Seton below]

editions

Rosarium B. Francisci (Neurenberg: F.M. Haberditzl, 1484) [See on this B. Kruitwagen, Franz. Stud., 13 (196), 54-82]

Edits, on request of Paulinus of Lemberg, the Trilogium Animae of Ludovicus Wohlgemuth of Prussia OFMObs (Neurenberg: A. Koberger, 1498) [in this edition, Glasberger expands Part. III, c. 6 with a treatise concerning the question Utrum beatus Franciscus fuerit discipulus praedicti Ioannis Boni Mantuani, Eremitae, et utrum fuerit professus ordinem et regulam fratrum Eremitarum S. Augustini. See: P. Minges, Franz. Stud., 1 (1914), 291-311; B. Kruitwagen, Franz. Stud., 12 (1925), 347-363]

Maior Chronica Bohemorum Moderna, edited in: W. Seton, Nicholas Glasberger and his Works. With the text of his Maior Cronica Bohemorum Moderna (Manchester, 1923) [partial edition, for the period after 1200. For earlier parts see the footnotes in J. Emler's edition of the Pulkawa Chronicle, Fontes Rerum Bohemicarum, V (Prague, 1893)]

Chronica Ordinis Minorum Observantium. This work, written on request of the guardian of the Neurenberg Convent Bartholomew Wyer, is edited as: Narratio de Origine et Propagatione Ordinis, ed. G.F. Carolus Evers, Analecta ad Fratrum Minorum Historiam, 1 (Leipzig, 1882) [partial edition, for the years 1206-1262] and in the Analecta Franciscana, II (Quaracchi, 1887) [see K. Eubel, Historisches Jahrbuch, 10 (1889), 376-383] Chronicle is avowedly a compilation [`…quae de hac re in diversis chronacis ac aliis scriptis spersa reperi.'] of earlier Franciscan chronicles (such as the (lost) chronicle of Peregrinus of Bologna, the Legenda Trium Sociorum, the Flores Temporum, the hagiographical/historical writings of Thomas of Celano, Bonaventure, Jordan of Giano, Bernard of Bessa, Bartholomaeus Pisanus, Andreas of Regensburg, and Jacob Oddi of Peruga (La Franceschina). For the period after 1374, Glasberger leans heavily on the Chronica XXIV Generalium of Arnold of Sarrant). Besides, he includes various kinds of documentary information, and oral sources.

literature

L. Oliger, ‘De quibusdam operibus fr. Nicolao Glassberger recens attributis’, AFH, 13 (1920), 388-402; AF, II, v-xiv; AF VI (1917), 257-306; W. Seton, Nicholas Glasberger and his Works. With the text of his Maior Cronica Bohemorum Moderna (Manchester, 1923); Idem, `Nicholas Glasberger et sa Chronique de Bohème', Revue d'Histoire Franciscaine, 2 (1926), 411-417; AF, VIII, 667-896 Franz. Stud., 13 (1926), 54-82; AFH, 28 (1935), 576; Die deutsche Literatur des MA, Verfasserlexikon², III, 49-52; LThK, IV&sup3, 665; Constance Proksch, Klosterreform und Geschichtsschreibung im Spätmittelalter (Cologne-Weimar, Vienna, 1994), 47-49.

Nicolaus Heritius

Ars Praedicandi: Oxford, Bodl. Lyell 79 ff. 114-128

Nicolaus Josephus de Stavelot (d. 1799)

OFMCap

literature

Hildebrand van Hooglede, ‘Nicolas-Josph de Stavelot’ [cap. † 1799] en zijn Eucharistische Schriften, in: Idem, Miscellanea II, 1067-1069.

Nicolaus Lakmann (d. Breslau, 16 October 1479)

OMConv. Born in Danzig, where he entered the order. Studied theology at Magdeburg (between 1433 and 1434; lectorate program), to return to his home custody with a testimonial. Active as lector in his home custody and further in Leipzig (mentioned as lector secundarius for the teaching of philosophy in 1442) and Erfurt (mentioned as lector secundarius in 1443/4). During his teaching assignments at Leipzig and Erfurt, Lakmann entered the theology degree program. To that purpose, he mattriculated at Leipzig university in 1442 and at Erfurt university in 1443. At Erfurt University he studied in the theology degree program under Johannes Bremer, to receive the doctor's title on October 17, 1446. Magister regens at the Studium Generale of Erfurt for fifteen years (1446-1460) In 1461, during the chapter meeting at Torgau, Lakmann was appointed provincial minister of Saxony. He replaced Matthias Doering, who had opposed Observant reforms (along the lines of the Martinian constitutions). Lakmann kept this position until his death (re-elected on the provincial chapters of Hamburg (1463), Freiberg (1466), Lübeck (1473)), and proved to be a capable administrator. Known to have been active in the Observant reform (along Martinian lines) of the Görlitz convent and in the settlement of a dispute between the friars and the Poor Clares of Breslau (1464). Whereas Lakmann clearly stands in the tradition of Scotus and fourteenth-century Scotists in his philosophical works, he opts for a combined use of Scotus and Bonaventure in his wide-ranging and influential theological oeuvre. In this, Lakmann followed his teacher Johan Bremer.

manuscripts/editions

In I-IV Sent.[read in Erfurt in 1443/4, and finished 1448]: Trier, StB 941; Breslau, I.F.751 ff. 296a-298c; Stuttgart Cod. Theol. Fol. 164 ff. 218a-325b [Book IV]; Augsburg Staat- und Stadtbibliothek 2° 413; Augsburg, Ubiversitätsbibliothek Cod II.1.2&deg; 70, ff. 458ra-481vb [Book I]; Bamberg Stadtbibliothek cod. Theol. 81 & cod. Patr. 55; Erfurt Wissenschaftliche Bibliothek cod. Amp. Fol. 98 ff. 257-357; Munich clm 4760 ff. 1-140; Leipzig Universitätsbibliothel 603; Göttingen Universitätsbibliothek cod. Theol. 138; Rome BAV Vat. lat. 4289 >> further manuscript info in Franziskanische Studien 20, p. 282 & Stegmüller, I, 587.

Quaestio de Formalitatibus [Held in Leipzig, 1442]: Frankfurt a.M. Dominikanerkloster 124 ff. 121r-134v; München, Clm Lat. 27105 ff. 91r-100r; Stuttgart, Württemb. Landesbibl. HB X 10 ff. 254-261v; Cracow University Library 2130; Lüneburg Ratsbücherei Theol. Q. 21 ff. 2449r-254v. See also Meier, `Quibusnam codicibus manuscriptis editio Formalitatum Nicolai Lakmann O. Min., hucusque fulciatur', Miscellanea Giovanni Mercati, Studi e testi, 121/6 (Rome, 1946), II, 431-464.

Tractatus de Philosophia Scotistica [Held in Leipzig, 1442]: Cracow University Library 2130 ff. 40v-64v

Tractatus de Distinctionibus et Modis Intrinsecis Scoti et Francisci Maronis [Leipzig, 1442]: Leipzig, Lat, 1348 ff. 302r-309r [Inc.: Apposui cor meum ut intelligerem distinctiones quae versantur in omnibus scientiis tam speculativis quam practicis. See for more info Meier, Die Barfüsserschule, 54, n. 78]

Quaestio de Quolibet [held in 1448 as disputed question in domo universitatis apud S. Michaelem. See Meier, Die Barfüsserschule, 55 & n. 82]: Danzig StB 1971 ff. 263r-266v; Danzig StB 2031 f. 373v; Göttingen Universitätsbibliothek theol. 156h ff. 12-20. For the MS and content see also Meier, `Die Rolle der Theologie im Erfurter Quodlibet' RThAM, 17 (1950), 283-302]

Tractatus de Confraternitate [probably composed after 1463]: Breslau, I.Qu. 73a ff. 46v-70r; Danzig 1965 ff. 102v-121v; Danzig, 2043 ff. 48r-61r [Inc.: Saepe reperiuntur fideles plurimi]

Tractatus de Agonizantium Commendatione et Informatione: Munich clm 3586 (fragment of the end part). See Meier, Franziskanische Studien, 25, p. 163

Declaratio Regula Fratrum Minorum Martinianae: Berlin, Cod. Theol. Qu. 220 ff. 15r-55v [inc.: Imprimis quoad primum capitulum regulae; Expl.: Explicit Declaratio Regulae Fratrum Minorum Martiniana vulgo nuncupata cum clausulis debitis et opportunis (…) nunc hic insertis laboriose per Venerabilem Patrem Fratrem Nicolaum Lakmann S. Theologiae professorum Erfurdiae A.D. 1452]

Sermones: Wolfenbüttel Herzog-August-Bibliothek cod. Helmst 666 ff. 164r-174v. His sermons are interesting as a testimony of popularizing, catechetical preaching, making accessible to the laity at large the theological teachings of the schools. See esp. Meier (1938), 176 on Lakmann’s sermons in the Church of St. Mary at Erfurt.

Historia de Festo Visitationis B.M.V [1464]: Danzig, StB 2156; Göttingen Universitätsbibliothek 156h f. 41vff. >> See Antonianum 5, p. 164 & Antonianum, 11 p. 434 [According to Meier, Die Barfüsserschule, 55, a work filled with miracles stories to provide popular preachers with useful materials for their sermons, as the Danzig manuscript says on f. 5d: Illo utique fine, ut devoti verbi Dei seminatores pro excitanda vulgi devotione in hoc festo sicut in aliis eiusdem Virginis festis aliquid utile ad manum habeant, quod populo rudi et indocto annuntiare valeant . See for a possible source for this work also Meier, Barfüsserschule p. 56, n. 89]

Epistolae [five letters from the years 1473 to 1475]: Wolfenbüttel Herzog-August-Bibliothek cod. Helmst 550 f. 172v, f. 173r, f. IV

literature

E. Doelle, Die Martinianische Reformbewegung in der sächsichen Franziskanerprovinz im 15. Und 16. Jahrhundert, Franziskanische Studien Beiheft 7 (Werl, 1921); L. Meier, `Nicolai Lakmann OFM doctrina de divinae existentiae demonstrabilitate', Studi Francesc., ns. 2 (1930), 413-425; L. Meier, ‘De Schola Franciscana Erfordiensi Saeculi XV’, Antonianum 5 (1930), 157-188; L. Meier, `Nikolaus Lakmann OFM und die Erfurter redigttätigkeit um die Mitte des 15. Jahrhunderts', Franziskanische Studien, 25 (1938), 162-177; L. Meier, `De Nicolai Lakmann commentario in Sententias', Scriptorium 4 (1950), 8-43; 5 (1951), 26-39; Doucet, AFH 47 (1954), 148; L. Meier, Die Barfüßschule zu Erfurt (1958), 23-30, 64-68, 73-80, 119-125; A. Pompei, Miscellanea Franciscana 61 (1961), 198-275; Christine Michler, ‘Lakmann, Nikolaus’, VL² V, 487-489.

Nicolaus Lobaldus

De Poenis Inferni et Gaudiis Paradisi: Milan, Ambros. Cod. A 93 Inf. 2

Nicolaus Losanus (Nicolás Lozano, fl. c. 1670)

OFM. Provincial minister in the Castilia province.

literature

AIA 15 (1955), 336-337; Manuel de Castro, Bibliografía de las bibliografias franciscanas españolas e hispanoamericanas, Publicaciones de Archivo Ibero-Americano (Madrid: Ed. Cisneros, 1982), 141 (no. 518).

Nicolaus Minorita (Anonymus Alemanus, fl. 1331)

>>>> Adversary of pope John XXII and active partisan for the cause of Louis of Bavaria.

manuscripts

Vat. Lat. 4008, 4009, 4010, 41228 (See Etzkorn, IVF, 57ff, 96)

editions

Chronica, Documentation on Pope John XXII, Michael of Cesena and the Poverty of Christ with Summaries in English, ed. G. Gál & D. Flood, Franciscan Institute Publications (New York, 1996)

literature

Gedeon Gál, `The chronicle of Nicolaus Minorita', in: Editori di Quaracchi, 100 anni dopo (Rome, 1997), 337-344; ‘Der erste vollständige Druck der sogenannten Chronik des Nicolaus Minorita (von 1330/1338). Bemerkungen zur Präsentation eines ‘Farbbuches’ des 14. Jahrhunderts’, Deutsches Archiv 54,2 (1998); Gedeon Gál, ‘The chronicle of Nicolaus Minorita’, The Chord 48 (1998), 18-25; Jürgen Miethke, ‘Der erste vollständige Druck der sogenannten Chronik des Nicolaus Minorita (von 1330/1338). Bemerkungen zur Präsentation eines ‘Farbbuches’ des 14. Jahrhunderts’, Deutsches Archiv für Erforschung des Mittelalters 54/2 (1998), 623-642; Alessio Innocenti, Il problema della ‘plenitudo potestatis’ pontificia in Niccolò minorita, Diss. (Florence: Dipartimento di Studi sul Medioevo e il Rinascimento dell’Universit`à, Storia della filosofia medievale, 2001).

Nicolaus Oranus (Nicholas d’Heur, 1572-1634)

OFMRec. Flemish friar from Liège (Luik). Born in 1572. Entered the order at Louvain, and subsequently studied theology at Paris. After his ordination, he was appointed confessor in the Liège diocese (December 1601). Fulfilled several charges in his order as lector of theology, and guardian of the friaries of Avesne, Liège, Namur (Namen), Luxembourg, Bastogne  and Couvin. Two times he was elected provincial definitor for the Flemish province. Prolific preacher, well-known for his written sermon collections, compiled in Latin to facilitate his fellow preachers. Some of these collections were printed a number of times in revised editions. Also known for a meditation on the rule of Francis, heavily based on Gabriel Maria, the confessor of Jeanne de France (foundress of the Annonciade movement).

editions

>.> Sermons on the betrayal of Judas (30 sermons)>>

>> Sermons on the conversion of the centurion Cornelius (30 sermons)>>

Sermones Quadragesimales (34 sermons)>>

Sermones de Adventu (Mons, 1611/Luxembourg, 1614)>> additional editions?

Sermones de Passione Christi>>

Tractatus de Translatione Beati Alberti Episcopi Lovaniensis>>

Tractatus in Regulam S. Francisci (Luxembourg, 1626). See the copy in Grottaferrata, Collegium S. Bonaventura F303.3 Or 63.

literature

Sbaralea, Supplementum II (ed. Rome, 1921), 285; S. Dirks, Histoire littéraire des Frères Mineurs en Belgique (Antwerp, 1885), 174-175; Biographie Belge IX, 328-329; J.-F. Bonnefoi, ‘Bibliographie de l’Annonciade’, Collectanea Franciscana 13 (1943), 241; DThCat XI, 625; DSpir X\I, 846-847; Cl. Schmitt, ‘2. Heur’, DHGE XXIV, 315.

Nicolaus Philippus (Nicholas Philip, fl. c. 1433)

English friar and itinerant preacher (preaching tours from Lynn, via Oxford and Newcastle-upon-Tyne, to Lichfield between 1430 and 1436). Maybe also diffinitor. Compiled an interesting series of ‘sermon booklets’, consisting of an unique collection of sermons and preaching materials, most of which are in Latin (sometimes with English elements, such as English verse, or outright macaronic passages). Some of the sermons in these booklets which, possibly already during Philip’s own lifetime, were gathered in one Oxford manuscript, were directed to clerics/friars (at synodal meetings, during visitations, at Oxford University, and at the occasion of receiving novices). Most of them seem to have been preached (in English) to the populace at large, or to mixed congregations of clerical and lay people (esp. the sermons for Lent and the Passion period). The collection alludes to possible socii of Philip during his travels, namely friar Holbeche and friar William Melton (possibly the Melton that found fault with the vocal ecstasies of Margery Kempe). They also contain some musical annotations, some information that might indicate that Philip was diffinitor for the English province, some allusions to the selection of a cursory lecturer for the London studium, and information on the rotation of custodies in which the provincial chapter was to be organised. After Philip’s death, his booklet collection remained in used by Franciscan friars well into the sixteenth century.

manuscripts

Oxford, Bodleian Library Lat.th.d.1. Alan Fletcher has given an exhaustive description of the manuscript, identifying 70 different items, most of which are sermons. Philip might have been the author of many of these, yet it is likely that some of them were originally the work of other preachers

literature

Alan J. Fletcher, ‘The Sermon Booklets of Friar Nicholas Philip’, Medium Aevum 55 (1986), 188-202 [reprinted in: Alan J. Fletcher, Preaching, Politics and Poetry in Late-Medieval England (Four Courts Press, 1998), 41-57.]

Nicolaus Minorita see Anonymus Alemanus

Nicolaus Senensis (c. 1266)

Franciscan preacher. Sermons did not survive?

literature

Sbaralea!

Nicolaus Specialis (eerste helft 14e eeuw)

Minderbroeder uit Sicilië en auteur van de Historiae Siciliae Suorum Temporum, ofwel de Historia Sicula, lopende vanaf 1282 tot aan 1337. Dit werk is later voortgezet door Michael de Platia. Van dit geschiedwerk bestaan verschillende edities. Aan hem wordt ook wel een Historia Gestorum in Controversia de Paupertate Christi, et Sociorum Ejus (ms. Florence, Bibl. S. Crucis scam. 2 versus Ecclesiam; wat is de huidige signatuur?!) toegeschreven. Maar daarover bestaat twijfel op basis van stilistische gronden. Waarschijnlijk is het het werk van een andere minderbroeder.

edities:

Historia Sicula. in: Muratori (ed.), Rerum Italicorum Scriptores. X, col. 914-1092; Rosarius Gregorio (ed.), Bibliotheca scriptorum qui res in Siciliae gestas sub Aragonum imperio retulere. I. Palermo, 1791. 285-508.

Nicolaus Succi (first half fourteenth century)

manuscripts

Tabula super IV Sent. S. Thomae: Assisi 552

literature

Doucet, AFH, 47 (1954), 149; Sbaralea, Suppl., 289.

Nicolaus Vercellensis (fl. ca. 1450)

Preacher author? Check!

Nicolaus Vigerius (1555-1628)

See: P. Schlager, `N. Vigerius', Franz. Stud., 15 (1928), 1-24

Nicolaus Wanckel (fl. c. 1515)

OFMObs. Friar from Southern Germany (maybe from Bamberg?). Travelled to the Holy Land in 1510/11, where he was active in the convent of Zion and also lived as custodian for a year in the church of the Holy Sepulchre. Together with the guardian of the Zion convent, Nicolaus was taken into custody by the Egyptian Sultan, and brought to Cairo, to become a diplomatic messsenger for the Sultan to the Papacy in Rome, in relation to a conflict between the Sultanate and the Knights of Rhodos. After his return to Western Europe in 1517, Nicolaus completed a detailed and innovative German travel and pilgrim guide to the holy places in Jerusalem and the whole of Palestine, the Kurtze Vermerckung der heyligen Stet des heyligen Landts. The work, which consists of a preface, an appraisal of Jerusalem (taken from Bernard of Clairvaux’ Temple Knight sermon), and ten chapters on the holy places, pilgrim routes, and rules for the Knights of the Holy Sepulchre, differs considerably from the archetypical Peregrinationes Totius Terrae Sanctae, and betrays a thorough first-hand knowledge of Palestine. To Nicolaus Wanckel is also ascribed Die Geystlich Straß, a short pamflet on the stations of the cross in the city of Nürnberg. This ascription is not fully secured.

editions

Kurtze Vermerckung der heyligen Stet des heyligen Landts (Nürnberg: Jobst Gutknecht, 27 May 1517)

(attributed) Die Geystlich Straß (Nürnberg: Jobst Gutknecht, 1521).

literature

Röhricht, Bibliografia Geografiae Palaest., 169 (no. 587); L. Lemmens, Die Franziskaner im Heiligen Land. 1. Teil: Die Franziskaner auf dem Zion (1336-1551), Franziskanische Studien Beiheft 4 (Werl, 1916), 140; E. Kramer, Kreuzweg und Kalvarienberg. Historische und baugeschichtliche Untersuchungen, Studien zur deutschen Kunstgeschichte 313 (Strasbourg, 1957), 20-22; Europäische Reiseberichte des späten Mittelalters. Eine analytische Bibliographie. Teil 1: Deutsche Reiseberichte, ed. W. Paravicini & Ch. Halm, Kieler Werkstücke Reihe D, Band 5 (Kiel, 1994), 301 (no. 124); Randall Herz, ‘Wanckel, Nikolaus’, VL X², 703-704.

Nicolaus Warter (c. 1372-1448)

English friar and bishop

literature 

Michael Robson, ‘Nicholas Warter, Franciscan Bishop of Dromore, c. 1372-1448’, Coll. Hibernica 42 (2000), 7-26. 

Norbert Nimis (Johann Georg, 1754, Waldürn - after 1793)

OFMCap since 1772. Lector in 1783. In 1788 Professor in `Popular theology' at the University of Mainz. Became secular priest in 1790?? Supported by the secular authorities, but treated as an apostate by his own order superiors.

editions

Entwurf exegetisch-praktischen Vorlesungen über das NT nach philos. u. theol. Enzyklopädie (Mainz, 1787)

Kath. Religions-Handbuch mit der Hl. Schrift des NT, 3 Vols. (Mainz, 1789-92)

literature

Bonaventura von Mehr, Das Predigtwesen in der Kölnischen und Rheinischen Kapuzinerprovinz (Rome, 1945), 141f; A. Brück, Die Mainzer theologischen Fakultät im 18. Jahrhundert (Vienna, 1955);